Table_1_Psychological changes among women with recurrent pregnancy loss during the COVID-19 period in northeastern China: a cross-sectional study.DOC

BackgroundIt aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) women and the related factors in Northeastern China during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
MethodsFrom March to June 2021, we conducted an electronic questionnaire survey of 267 RPL women who attended the recurrent pregnancy loss clinic at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. The State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS-C) were used to screen for anxiety, depression, stress, and social support. Logistic regression was used to explore the related factors of anxiety and depression.
ResultsRPL women had severe psychological problems during the pandemic: 56.6% showed state anxiety or trait anxiety, 26.6% showed high levels of stress, and 13.1% showed depression. Economic pressure caused by COVID-19, and high stress were common related factors for anxiety and depression. The interval since last miscarriage <6 months, worse mood changes due to COVID-19, and concerns about COVID-19 were associated with anxiety. A history of pregnancy loss >14 weeks was associated with depression. While adequate social support and actively seeking health help were protective factors for trait anxiety. And identifying the etiology was a protective factor for depression.
ConclusionThe study revealed the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and the associated factors in RPL women during COVID-19. More attention should be paid to the psychology of RPL women and adequate social support should be provided.

背景：本研究旨在探究2019冠状病毒病（Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19）大流行期间，中国东北地区复发性流产（recurrent pregnancy loss, RPL）女性的焦虑、抑郁患病率及其相关影响因素。
方法：2021年3月至6月，我们对中国医科大学附属盛京医院复发性流产门诊的267名复发性流产女性开展了电子问卷调查。采用状态-特质焦虑量表（State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI）、贝克抑郁量表第二版（Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II）、知觉压力量表（Perceived Stress Scale, PSS）以及医学结局研究社会支持调查表（Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, MOS-SSS-C）分别筛查焦虑、抑郁、压力及社会支持状况。采用Logistic回归分析探讨焦虑与抑郁的相关影响因素。
结果：大流行期间，复发性流产女性存在较为严重的心理问题：56.6%的受试者存在状态焦虑或特质焦虑，26.6%存在高水平知觉压力，13.1%存在抑郁症状。由COVID-19引发的经济压力及高知觉压力是焦虑与抑郁共有的相关危险因素；末次流产后间隔<6个月、因COVID-19出现更严重的情绪变化以及对COVID-19的担忧与焦虑相关；流产孕周>14周的妊娠丢失史与抑郁相关。而充足的社会支持及主动寻求医疗帮助是特质焦虑的保护因素，明确病因则是抑郁的保护因素。
结论：本研究明确了COVID-19大流行期间复发性流产女性焦虑、抑郁的患病率及其相关影响因素。临床应更加关注复发性流产女性的心理健康，并为其提供充足的社会支持。