Replication Data for: Regime Support and Gender Quotas in Autocracies

Gender quotas are increasingly being adopted by autocrats in part to legitimize their rule. Yet, even in autocracies, these quotas increase women's political representation. It thus stands to reason that public support for gender quotas in autocracies might be shaped by this trade-off between advancing women's rights and granting the regime legitimacy. All else equal, regime opponents should be less supportive of gender quotas in autocracies, wary of legitimizing the regime. We uncover evidence of this proposition in an analysis of region-wide Arab Barometer surveys and a survey experiment in Algeria. We also find that evaluations of this trade-off are conditioned by other demographics, with women, gender egalitarians, and Islamists remaining more consistent in their support for/opposition to gender quotas regardless of regime gains. Overall, our findings suggest that gender quotas in autocracies are viewed through a political lens, creating a potential backlash toward women's empowerment.

独裁政权正日益推行性别配额（gender quotas），其目的之一便是为自身统治赋予合法性。然而，即便在独裁政权语境下，此类配额政策仍能提升女性的政治代表性。因此，人们有充分理由认为，独裁政权下公众对性别配额的支持态度，可能会受到推进女性权利与赋予政权合法性这二者之间权衡的影响。在其他条件不变的情况下，政权反对者理应对独裁政权下的性别配额持更少支持态度，因其会担忧此举会为该政权赋予合法性。我们通过对全域阿拉伯晴雨表（Arab Barometer）调查数据以及阿尔及利亚的一项调查实验的分析，找到了支持这一论断的实证证据。我们还发现，公众对这一权衡的评价会受到其他人口统计特征的调节：无论该政策能否为政权带来收益，女性、性别平等主义者与伊斯兰主义者对性别配额的支持或反对态度始终更为一致。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，人们会从政治视角看待独裁政权下的性别配额政策，这可能会引发针对女性赋权（women's empowerment）的潜在反弹。