FDR correction analysis on the quartile model.

IntroductionThe association of vitamins with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is of great interest yet currently remains controversial. Most studies have focused on serum levels of vitamins, whereas we aimed to detect a correlation between dietary intake of B vitamins and H. pylori infection.MethodsWe accessed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of U.S. citizens and employed the Full Sample 2-Year mobile examination center (MEC) Examination Weight for data analysis For the 1999–2000 NHANES data period, 3,485 U.S. citizens made up our study.This cross-sectional study analyzed the relationship between dietary B vitamins and H. pylori seropositivity through weighted logistic regression. Variables were used to perform subgroup analyses, and the presence of linear correlation was explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) plot progression.ResultsParticipants with H. pylori infections displayed lower intakes of vitamins B1, B2, niacin, B6, folate, and B12 compared with those without H. pylori infection. The Odds Ratio values (95% Confidence Interval) of the highest quartile of dietary intake were 0.69 (0.48–0.98), 0.63 (0.49–0.81), 0.69 (0.48–0.97), 0.71 (0.52–0.98), 0.67 (0.51–0.88), and 0.93 (0.66–1.29) for Log Vitamin B1, Log Vitamin B2, Log Niacin, Log Vitamin B6, Log Folate, and Log Vitamin B12, respectively, in comparison to the lowest quartile. Age and ethnicity were found to influence the association between B vitamins consumption and H. pylori infection.ConclusionThe dietary intake of vitamins B1, B2, niacin, B6, and folate were inversely correlated with the probability of an H. pylori infection. The mechanisms underlying this association may involve gastrointestinal flora, oxidative stress, as well as immune and mitochondrial regulation.

引言 维生素与幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori，H. pylori）感染的关联一直备受关注，但目前仍存在争议。既往多数研究聚焦于维生素的血清水平，而本研究旨在探讨膳食摄入的B族维生素与幽门螺杆菌感染之间的相关性。
方法 本研究调取美国公民的国家健康与营养检查调查（National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES）数据，并采用全样本2年移动检查中心（MEC）检查权重开展数据分析。在1999-2000年NHANES数据周期内，共计3485名美国公民纳入本研究。本项横断面研究通过加权logistic回归分析膳食B族维生素与幽门螺杆菌血清阳性的关联；利用相关变量开展亚组分析，并通过限制性立方样条（RCS）曲线探究线性相关性的存在情况。
结果 相较于未感染幽门螺杆菌的参与者，幽门螺杆菌感染者的维生素B1、B2、烟酸、B6、叶酸及B12的膳食摄入量更低。与最低四分位数组相比，膳食摄入量最高四分位数组的维生素B1、B2、烟酸、B6、叶酸及B12的对数转换后比值比（95%置信区间）分别为0.69（0.48~0.98）、0.63（0.49~0.81）、0.69（0.48~0.97）、0.71（0.52~0.98）、0.67（0.51~0.88）及0.93（0.66~1.29）。研究发现，年龄与种族会对B族维生素摄入与幽门螺杆菌感染之间的关联产生影响。
结论 维生素B1、B2、烟酸、B6及叶酸的膳食摄入量与幽门螺杆菌感染概率呈负相关。该关联的潜在机制可能涉及胃肠道菌群、氧化应激以及免疫与线粒体调控。