1540005

One of the most active areas in black hole research currently is understanding the role of jets in the overall emission properties of black holes from radio all the way to gamma-rays. Thanks to the daily monitoring campaigns in X-rays radio and optical/IR (OIR) facilities we have a solid understanding of the relation between jet emission in the OIR radio and X-rays up to 25 keV. Yet our understanding about the formation of compact jets and high energy emission is still not well established due to low number of dedicated INTEGRAL observations during the outburst decays. Most archival data do not have the statistical quality where we can study properties of Comptonizing corona (which is required for the formation of compact jets) and how jets consequently may affect electron energy distribution and perhaps directly contribute to hard X-ray emission. Our previous multiwavelength campaigns revealed secondary maxima a brightening in X-rays and OIR late in outburst decay. The nature of these secondary maxima is also still debated. We propose for two 170 ks TOO observations of a GBHT. We will trigger the first observation at the transition to the hard state as the jet turns on to investigate the relation between the Gamma-ray emission and jet formation. We will trigger the second observation if a secondary outburst is observed close to the peak to investigate its nature. Multiwavelength coverage exists in radio and in OIR to achieve objectives of this proposal and an additional 10ks SWIFT time is requested to cover soft X-rays. [truncated! Please see actual data for full text]

当前黑洞研究中最活跃的领域之一，是理解喷流在黑洞从射电到伽马射线全波段辐射特性中的作用。得益于X射线、射电及光学/红外（OIR）设施的日常监测项目，我们对OIR、射电与25keV以下X射线的喷流辐射关系已有扎实认知。然而，由于爆发衰减期间INTEGRAL专门观测的数量有限，我们对致密喷流的形成机制及高能辐射特性的理解仍未明确。大多数存档数据缺乏足够的统计质量，无法支撑康普顿化日冕（Comptonizing corona）特性的研究——这是致密喷流形成的必要条件——也难以探究喷流如何影响电子能量分布，甚至是否直接贡献硬X射线辐射。我们此前的多波段观测揭示了爆发衰减后期X射线与OIR波段的二次极大值（增亮现象），但其本质仍存争议。本研究提议对GBHT开展两次170ks的TOO观测：第一次观测将在硬态转变、喷流启动时触发，以探究伽马射线辐射与喷流形成的关联；若在峰值附近观测到二次爆发，则触发第二次观测以解析其本质。射电与OIR波段已具备多波段覆盖以实现本提议的目标，此外还请求额外10ks的SWIFT观测时间以覆盖软X射线波段。[截断！请查看实际数据获取全文]