Pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in Brazilian waters: occurrence and removal techniques

ABSTRACT The human activities have increased the presence of several microcontaminants in water bodies. Of these, more recently, drugs and endocrine disrupters have called the attention of the scientific community due to their increasing exposure. The sources of contamination include cleaning and personal hygiene products, various classes of drugs, natural hormones and their by-products, as well as several substances applied to the production of plastics and resins, present in sewage, landfill leachate and industrial effluents. In this perspective, this paper aims to compile the data of microcontaminants occurrence in Brazilian natural and treated waters, as well as to discuss the efficiency of different water treatment techniques to remove such compounds.

摘要 人类活动导致水体中多种微污染物的检出水平显著升高。其中，药物与内分泌干扰物（endocrine disrupters）因暴露水平持续攀升，近来愈发受到科学界的关注。此类污染物的来源涵盖清洁与个人护理用品、各类药物、天然激素及其副产物，以及多种用于塑料与树脂生产的相关物质，广泛存在于污水、垃圾渗滤液及工业废水中。基于此研究背景，本文旨在汇编巴西天然水体与处理后水体中微污染物的检出数据，并探讨不同水处理技术对这类化合物的去除效能。