Analysis of obese patients' medical conditions in the pre and postoperative periods of bariatric surgery

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the clinical conditions of obese patients in the pre and postoperative period of bariatric surgery. Methods: we carried out a descriptive, retrospective, quantitative study by consulting the charts of 134 patients who underwent bariatric surgery in the period from 2009 to 2014. We collected the data between September and November 2015. We performed a descriptive statistical analysis and comparative analysis of anthropometric, metabolic, biochemical and clinical variables, considering six months before and after surgery. Results: the majority of the patients were female (91.8%), with a higher prevalence (35%) in the age group 18-29 years old, complete high-school education (65.6%) and grade III obesity (60.4%). Six months after surgery, weight and lipid profile reduction were significant in both genders, but the impact on biochemical, anthropometric, metabolic and clinical parameters was significant only in female subjects, with a reduction in morbidities associated with obesity, such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome and in the use of drugs to control them. Conclusion: bariatric surgery was effective in weight loss, with improvements in anthropometric, metabolic and biochemical parameters and in the reduction of morbidities associated with obesity.

摘要
研究目的：对比肥胖患者接受减重代谢手术（bariatric surgery）前后的临床状态。
研究方法：本研究为描述性回顾性定量研究，通过查阅2009年至2014年间接受减重代谢手术的134例患者的病历资料开展，数据收集工作于2015年9月至11月期间完成。本研究针对手术前后6个月的人体测量学（anthropometric）、代谢、生化及临床变量，开展描述性统计分析与对比分析。
研究结果：受试患者以女性居多，占比达91.8%；其中18~29岁年龄段占比最高（35%），高中毕业者占比65.6%，合并Ⅲ级肥胖者占比60.4%。术后6个月时，两性患者的体重与血脂谱均出现显著下降，但上述指标及代谢、临床参数的显著改善仅见于女性受试者；同时肥胖相关并发症，如动脉高血压（arterial hypertension）、糖尿病（diabetes mellitus）、血脂异常（dyslipidemia）与代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome），及其对症用药情况均得到显著减少。
研究结论：减重代谢手术可有效实现体重减轻，同时改善人体测量学、代谢及生化指标，并降低肥胖相关并发症的发生与对症用药需求。