Patient identification system based on NFC and blockchain technology

Objective: To develop a system in the field of medicine that allows to identify patients by making use of security for NFC cards based on blockchain.
Methodology or method: A study of the physical characteristics of NFC cards was carried out to design an external security system, supported by the decentralization of the blockchain, which allows the use of these cards in a field that handles highly sensitive information, such as medicine, in order to take advantage of the practicality of NFC technology when identifying patients in a hospital without exposing their medical history.
Results: It was appreciated that the blockchain offers a lot of advantages in the field of security, but these advantages come with a decompensation in the times of writing new blocks and reading previous blocks.
Conclusions: A system supported on a centralized and decentralized part provides greater security, however, a decentralized system such as the blockchain comes with a decompensation in terms of writing speed and, above all, reading speed.

研究目标：开发一款医疗领域系统，可借助基于区块链（Blockchain）的近场通信（Near Field Communication，NFC）卡安全机制实现患者身份识别。
研究方法：首先对NFC卡的物理特性开展研究，以此设计一套外置安全系统；该系统依托区块链的去中心化特性，可使NFC卡应用于医疗这类处理高度敏感信息的场景，从而在不泄露患者病史的前提下，利用NFC技术的便捷性完成医院内的患者身份识别。
研究结果：经研究发现，区块链在安全领域具备诸多优势，但该优势伴随新块写入与旧块读取的性能失衡问题。
研究结论：兼具中心化与去中心化架构的系统可提供更高的安全性；然而，纯去中心化的区块链系统存在写入速度、尤其是读取速度的性能失衡问题。