Table 1_Non-lethal heat shock unlocks SOD gene family diversity for enhanced bacterial resistance in Procambarus clarkii.docx

BackgroundOxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are critical for crustaceans’ stress responses. Genome-wide identification of superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes in Procambarus clarkia is essential for understanding its stress adaptation and aquaculture disease control.
MethodsFive PcSOD genes were identified, with analyses of their structure, motif, chromosomal distribution and phylogeny. Their tissue-specific expression, expression under Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge, correlation with ERS-related genes, and changes in T-AOC/SOD activity were detected, along with the effect of heat shock pretreatment.
ResultsPcSOD genes showed structural diversity and tissue specificity, with time-dependent expression under bacterial challenge. Heat shock pretreatment regulated their expression timing and intensity. Significant correlations between PcSOD and ERS genes were observed in hemocytes under NLHS + V. parahaemolyticus treatment, supported by NLHS-induced Hsp70.
ConclusionThese findings suggest a potential coordinated SOD-ERS response in P. clarkia, providing insights for aquaculture disease control strategies.

【背景】氧化应激与内质网应激（ERS）是甲壳动物应激反应的关键调控环节。对克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkia）中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）基因开展全基因组鉴定，对于解析其应激适应机制、优化水产养殖病害防控手段具有重要意义。
【方法】本研究共鉴定得到5个PcSOD基因，并对其基因结构、蛋白基序、染色体定位及系统发育关系进行了系统分析。同时检测了这些基因的组织特异性表达模式、副溶血性弧菌（Vibrio parahaemolyticus）感染胁迫下的表达变化、与ERS相关基因的相关性，以及总抗氧化能力/超氧化物歧化酶（T-AOC/SOD）活性的动态改变，同时探究了热激预处理对上述指标的调控作用。
【结果】PcSOD基因兼具结构多样性与组织特异性，在细菌感染胁迫下呈现出时间依赖性的表达特征。热激预处理可调控其表达的时序与强度。在NLHS+副溶血性弧菌处理组的血淋巴细胞中，PcSOD基因与ERS相关基因存在显著相关性，该结论得到了NLHS诱导的热休克蛋白70（Hsp70）的佐证。
【结论】本研究结果提示，克氏原螯虾中可能存在SOD与ERS的协同应激响应，可为水产养殖病害防控策略的制定提供理论依据与新思路。