Comparison of demographic and clinical features of 17 fatal and 9 nonfatal H5N1 cases, China.

*Medians were compared between fatal and survival cases with the Wilcoxon rank sum test. For categorical variables, percentages of cases in each category were compared with Fisher's exact test.†NA demotes not applicable.‡Two fatal H5N1 cases had underlying medical conditions, including a 24-year-old pregnant woman [28] and a 16-year-old male with a 10-year history of minimal change glomerulopathy. Two surviving H5N1 cases had underlying medical conditions, including a 26-year-old pregnant woman and a 44-year-old female with a ten-year history of chronic bronchitis [unpublished data, China CDC].#A higher proportion of cases survived that received any antiviral treatment compared to those that did not receive antivirals (67% [8/12 patients] vs 7% [1/14 patients], p = 0.003), and with a positive linear association: the Gamma coefficient equals 0.664 (p = 0.005) which indicate a positive correlation between antiviral therapy and disease outcome.$High-dose corticosteroid use was defined as ≥250 mg hydrocortisone or equivalent intravenous (IV) administration daily. For children ¶[]: Indicates denominators for testing of fewer cases than full group.

*采用Wilcoxon秩和检验（Wilcoxon rank sum test）比较致死病例与存活病例的中位数差异。对于分类变量，采用Fisher精确检验（Fisher's exact test）比较各分类的病例占比。† NA表示不可适用（not applicable）。‡ 2例致死性H5N1病例存在基础疾病：1例为24岁妊娠女性[28]，另1例为有10年微小病变型肾小球病（minimal change glomerulopathy）病史的16岁男性。2例存活的H5N1病例存在基础疾病：1例为26岁妊娠女性，另1例为有10年慢性支气管炎病史的44岁女性[未公开数据，中国疾病预防控制中心（China CDC）]。$ 接受任意抗病毒治疗的病例存活率显著高于未接受抗病毒治疗者（67%[8/12例] vs 7%[1/14例]，p=0.003），且呈线性正相关：Gamma系数为0.664（p=0.005），提示抗病毒治疗与疾病转归存在正相关关系。# 大剂量糖皮质激素使用定义为每日静脉（intravenous，IV）给予≥250mg氢化可的松（hydrocortisone）或等效剂量药物。针对儿童 ¶[]：表示该检测组的病例数少于完整研究队列。