Table 5_Scoping review of precision child and youth mental health research: dwelling in possibility.docx

IntroductionPrecision child and youth mental health (PCYMH) offers a promising array of tools and methodologies to address the intensifying burden of mental health challenges in child and youth populations. However, the current state of PCYMH research requires better characterization. To this end, we conducted a scoping review aiming to provide a ‘lay of the literature’ for this emerging field.
MethodsFollowing the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews, we searched PubMed and Embase for PCYMH studies from January 1, 1980 to November 30, 2023, updating the search on November 1, 2024. The final dataset comprised 124 publications, summarized with descriptive quantitative analysis and qualitative content analysis.
ResultsQuantitative analyses revealed that 48% (60/124) of studies had been published between 2020 and 2024, with the majority (51% (63/124)) studying populations in the U.S. Most studies were observational in design. Content analysis revealed four categories of PCYMH research focus: (1) Biomarkers (68% (84/124)); (2) Non-Biological Markers (17% (22/124)); (3) Implementation of PCYMH Interventions (14% (17/124)); and (4) Predictive Algorithms (5% (6/124)). PCYMH tools were underutilized and infrequently combined. Studies producing multimodal profiles of participants, e.g., using neuroimaging, genetics, digital health data, and lifestyle data were scarce. No study used reporting guidelines.
DiscussionOur findings indicate that this body of research is still in its infancy. We highlight opportunities to advance the study of PCYMH and provide recommendations to support the maturation of this new field.

引言
精准儿童青少年心理健康（Precision Child and Youth Mental Health, PCYMH）提供了一系列颇具前景的工具与方法，以应对儿童青少年群体日益加重的心理健康负担。然而，当前精准儿童青少年心理健康领域的研究仍有待进一步系统表征。为此，我们开展了一项范围综述，旨在梳理该新兴领域的研究现状。
方法
遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI）的范围综述方法论，我们检索了PubMed和Embase数据库中1980年1月1日至2023年11月30日发表的PCYMH相关研究，并于2024年11月1日更新了检索策略。最终纳入的数据集包含124篇文献，通过描述性定量分析与定性内容分析对其进行了汇总梳理。
结果
定量分析显示，48%（60/124）的研究发表于2020年至2024年，其中绝大多数（51%，63/124）以美国人群为研究对象。大部分研究采用观察性研究设计。内容分析揭示了PCYMH研究的四大主题类别：（1）生物标志物（68%，84/124）；（2）非生物标志物（17%，22/124）；（3）PCYMH干预措施的实施（14%，17/124）；（4）预测算法（5%，6/124）。PCYMH相关工具的应用不足，且极少被组合使用。针对参与者开展多模态特征分析（如结合神经影像、遗传学、数字健康数据与生活方式数据）的研究较为匮乏。所有研究均未遵循报告指南。
讨论
本研究结果表明，该领域的研究仍处于起步阶段。我们明确了推进PCYMH研究的发展机遇，并为推动这一新兴领域的成熟提供了建议。