regulome

MicroRNAs are currently being extensively studied due to their important role as post-transcriptional regulators. During miRNA biogenesis, precursors undergo two cleavage steps performed by Drosha-DGCR8 (Microprocessor) cleaving of pri-miRNA to produce pre-miRNA and Dicer-mediated cleaving to create mature miRNA. Genetic variants within human miRNA regulome have been shown to influence miRNA expression, target interaction and to affect the phenotype.

微小核糖核酸（MicroRNAs，miRNA）目前因作为转录后调控因子发挥关键作用而受到广泛研究。在miRNA的生物发生过程中，其前体需经历两步切割反应：首先由Drosha-DGCR8复合体（Microprocessor，微处理器）切割初级miRNA（pri-miRNA）以生成前体miRNA（pre-miRNA），随后经Dicer介导的切割产生成熟miRNA。现有研究证实，人类miRNA调控组内的遗传变异可影响miRNA的表达、靶标相互作用，并最终影响表型。