Quadrats placed in grasslands to measure the number of species, the abundance of species, total percentage of plants and total percentage of grass.

<b>Methods:</b> 1)The experiment was conducted outside in the grasslands. 2)The variables were: number of different species, abundance of species, percentage of vegetation in quadrant, and percentage of grasses in quadrant. 3)Materials used: i) 1m*1m quadrat, ii) pencil, iii) paper, iv) students, v) eyes 4)The quadrant was used to sample 25 random plots of land in the grassland. The quadrant’s dimensions were 1m*1m=1m^2. 5)The number of species data was collected by identifying each different plant specie that was located within the quadrant. The data was verified by moving around the plants, and getting a feel for them to see if they were really different. This was further crosschecked with the lab manual to see which plant matched most closely to the ones listed in the lab manual and to truly verify if the plants being identified were different. 6)The total abundance of plants was identified by various steps. First the plants of the same specie were summed. Secondly the sums of the different species were added to get a total of the plant species in the area. How ever since grass is also considered a specie, quadrants within the quadrant were used with dimensions 10cm*10cm. The roots of grass were counted in that smaller quadrant and the data was extrapolated for the entire quadrant by multiplying the number of roots by 100.<b>Hypothesis:</b> There is a correlation between plots having greater quantities of other plant species and less grasses due to lack of space and resources for the grasses to thrive.<b>Predictions:</b> 1) As the number of other species of plants in the quadrant increased, the number of grasses in the quadrant decreased.2) As other plant species grew taller, grasses grew shorter.3) As other plants grew greener, more grasses died out.4) As more grasses grew, other plant species were smaller and weaker.<br>

<b>实验方法：</b> 1) 实验于户外草原生境中开展。2) 本次实验的观测变量包括：不同植物物种数、物种多度、样方（quadrat）内植被覆盖占比，以及样方内草本植物占比。3) 实验所需材料与工具：i) 1米×1米样方；ii) 铅笔；iii) 记录用纸；iv) 参与实验的学生；v) 肉眼观测。4) 采用该样方对草原内25个随机布设的样地进行采样，样方规格为1米×1米，即1平方米。5) 物种数数据通过识别样方内的每种不同植物物种进行采集。为验证数据准确性，研究人员会移动植株、通过触感比对确认其物种差异，同时对照实验手册比对匹配度，核查所识别的植物是否确实为不同物种，进一步确保数据可靠。6) 植物总多度通过多步骤统计得到：首先统计同一物种的所有植株数量并求和，再将各物种的求和结果相加，得到区域内植物总多度。由于草本植物也被视为一类物种，实验采用尺寸为10厘米×10厘米的嵌套小样方进行采样。在该小样方中统计草本植物的根系数量，随后将该数值乘以100，以此外推得到主样方内的草本植物总多度。<b>实验假说：</b> 样地中其他植物物种数量越多，草本植物占比越低，二者存在相关性，其原因为空间与资源不足会抑制草本植物的生长。<b>预测结果：</b> 1) 样方内其他植物物种数越多，样方内的草本植物数量越少。2) 其他植物物种株高越高，草本植物株高越低。3) 其他植物叶片色泽越青绿，草本植物死亡率越高。4) 草本植物生长越旺盛，其他植物物种的个体越小、长势越弱。