SEAC4RS ER-2 Aircraft Miscellaneous Data

SEAC4RS_Miscellaneous_ER2_Data are miscellaneous ancillary data collected onboard the ER-2 aircraft during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEA4CRS) airborne field study. Data collection for this product is complete.

Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) airborne field study was conducted in August and September of 2013. The field operation was based in Houston, Texas. The primary SEAC4RS science objectives are: to determine how pollutant emissions are redistributed via deep convection throughout the troposphere; to determine the evolution of gases and aerosols in deep convective outflow and the implications for UT/LS chemistry; to identify the influences and feedbacks of aerosol particles from anthropogenic pollution and biomass burning on meteorology and climate through changes in the atmospheric heat budget (i.e., semi-direct effect) or through microphysical changes in clouds (i.e., indirect effects); and lastly, to serve as a calibration and validation test bed for future satellite instruments and missions.

The airborne observational data were collected from three aircraft platforms: the NASA DC-8, ER-2, and SPEC LearJet. Both the NASA DC-8 and ER-2 aircraft were instrumented for comprehensive in-situ and remote sensing measurements of the trace gas, aerosol properties, and cloud properties. In addition, radiative fluxes and meteorological parameters were also recorded. The NASA DC-8 was mostly responsible for tropospheric sampling, while the NASA ER-2 was operating in the lower stratospheric regime. The SPEC LearJet was dedicated to in-situ cloud characterizations. To accomplish the science objectives, the flight plans were designed to investigate the influence of biomass burning and pollution, their temporal evolution, and ultimately, impacts on meteorological processes which can, in turn, feedback on regional air quality. With respect to meteorological feedbacks, the opportunity to examine the impact of polluting aerosols on cloud properties and dynamics was of particular interest.

SEAC4RS_ER-2杂项数据集（SEAC4RS_Miscellaneous_ER2_Data）为区域调查排放与大气组成、云及气候耦合研究（Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys，缩写SEAC4RS）机载外场试验期间，于ER-2科研飞机上采集的各类辅助观测数据。本数据集的数据采集工作已全部完成。

区域调查排放与大气组成、云及气候耦合研究（SEAC4RS）机载外场试验于2013年8至9月开展，试验基地设于美国得克萨斯州休斯敦市。SEAC4RS的核心科学目标包括：探明污染物排放如何通过深对流过程在整个对流层内再分布；解析深对流流出物中气体与气溶胶的演化规律，及其对对流层上部/低平流层（UT/LS）化学过程的影响；厘清人为污染与生物质燃烧产生的气溶胶粒子，通过改变大气热收支（即半直接效应）或改变云微物理特性（即间接效应），对气象与气候产生的影响与反馈机制；最终为未来卫星载荷与任务提供校准与验证测试平台。

本次机载观测数据源自三个科研飞机平台：美国国家航空航天局（National Aeronautics and Space Administration，NASA）的DC-8、ER-2，以及SPEC LearJet飞机。其中DC-8与ER-2均搭载了用于痕量气体、气溶胶特性与云特性综合原位探测及遥感观测的仪器套件，同时还记录了辐射通量与气象参数。DC-8主要负责对流层采样，而ER-2则侧重于低平流层区域的观测任务。SPEC LearJet则专门用于云的原位特性表征。为达成既定科学目标，本次试验设计了飞行方案，以探究生物质燃烧与人为污染的影响、其时间演化过程，以及最终对气象过程的影响——而气象过程反过来又会对局地空气质量产生反馈。其中，针对污染气溶胶对云特性与云动力学的影响开展研究，是本次试验尤为关注的重点。