Rural women and their protagonism in rural development: a study in the municipality of Vitorino, Paraná

Abstract: Rural women have been gaining ground in the debates and formulations of public policies, as well as their recognition for the strengthening of family farming and sustainable rural development. In this sense, this article aims to understand the perception of the role and representativeness of rural women in the municipality of Vitorino, Paraná state. The methodology adopted for the data collection was qualitative, through twenty-two semi-structured interviews with the family farmers of the municipality, together with the support of a bibliographic review on the subject. According to the results, the existence of the exodus of young women to the urban centers can be verified, consequently causing the phenomenon of the aging of the female population in the countryside. Concerning the division of labor, it can be seen that the existing conceptions are still masculinized in what concerns the division and hierarchy of the feminine work in the property. In this sense, although there is an incentive and change in the society regarding the achievements of women, it is still possible to find spaces where there is still the separation of roles by gender. Thus, it becomes very important to rethink means and alternatives to ensure effective participation in property management, as well as to encourage courses and technical assistance so they can meet the needs of rural women, because only then will we have full rural development.

摘要：农村女性在公共政策的讨论与制定中逐渐获得话语权，其在强化家庭农业与可持续乡村发展方面的贡献也得到了更多认可。就此而言，本文旨在探究巴西巴拉那州维托里诺市农村女性对自身角色与代表性的认知。本研究采用定性研究方法，通过对该市22名家庭农场主开展半结构化访谈，并结合相关主题的文献综述完成数据收集工作。研究结果显示，年轻女性向城市中心外流的现象确实存在，进而引发了农村女性人口老龄化的问题。在劳动分工层面，现有观念仍带有男性中心倾向：农场中女性劳动的分工与层级划分仍未脱离男性主导的框架。就此而言，尽管社会层面已出现针对女性成就的认可与观念转变，但仍存在基于性别的角色划分现象。因此，重新思考确保女性有效参与农场管理的路径与方案，并推动针对农村女性的课程培训与技术援助以满足其实际需求，显得尤为重要——唯有如此，方能实现全面的乡村发展。