Supplementary Material for: Building a European Consensus on Minimum Quality Standards for Drug Treatment, Rehabilitation and Harm Reduction

Background/Aims: The Study on the Development of an EU Framework for Minimum Quality Standards and Benchmarks in Drug Demand Reduction (EQUS) has set up an inventory of quality standards and initiated a consensus-building process, aiming at establishing a set of European minimum quality standards (MQS) for treatment/rehabilitation and harm reduction in the field of drug abuse and dependence. Methods: Existing documents were collected by country-specific experts and integrated into a predefined framework of quality standards. Agreement, implementation status and expected implementation problems of the proposed standards were assessed by a survey of European stakeholders and the final lists of European MQS were established at a European conference. Results: Overall, 349 documents were identified as relevant. Major gaps were identified for ethical and legal standards, and for documents that provide grades of evidence for specific standards. A high level of acceptance was found for the treatment/rehabilitation MQS, while a somewhat lower level was found for the harm reduction MQS. The final lists of MQS were based on at least 80% of acceptance by European experts and stakeholders. Conclusion: A high consensus of European MQS for treatment/rehabilitation and harm reduction has been achieved. Further implementation and developmental steps are discussed.

背景与目的：欧盟减少毒品需求最低质量标准与基准框架开发研究（Study on the Development of an EU Framework for Minimum Quality Standards and Benchmarks in Drug Demand Reduction，简称EQUS）已完成质量标准清单梳理，并启动共识构建流程，旨在为药物滥用与依赖领域的治疗/康复及伤害减损工作制定一套欧盟层面的最低质量标准（Minimum Quality Standards, MQS）。
方法：国别专家收集现有相关文献，并将其整合至预设的质量标准框架中。通过面向欧洲利益相关方开展问卷调查，对拟制定标准的认可度、实施现状及预期实施难题进行评估；最终的欧盟MQS清单在欧洲会议上敲定。
结果：共计识别出349份相关文献。研究发现伦理与法律标准领域，以及为特定标准提供证据等级的相关文件存在显著短板。治疗/康复类MQS获得了较高的认可度，而伤害减损类MQS的认可度相对偏低。最终的MQS清单均基于至少80%的欧洲专家与利益相关方的赞成票制定。
结论：针对药物滥用与依赖领域治疗/康复及伤害减损工作的欧盟最低质量标准已达成高度共识，本文同时讨论了后续的落地推进与优化发展路径。