2011年全国法院司法统计公报

 

      二〇一一年全国法院审理各类案件情况
2011年1-12月全国法院受理各类案件12203703件，其中新收11502808件，审结11478505件（含上年旧存，下同），收结案同比分别上升5.85%和4.36%。其中，当年起诉、上诉、再审（即诉讼案件）的刑事、民商事、行政案件8345973件，同比上升7.47%，审结8282284件，同比上升6.19%；新收申诉、申请再审98577件，审结103713件，同比分别下降12.07%和14.44%；新收国家赔偿案件2108件，审结2035件，分别上升53.64%和43.41%；新收执行案件2359025件，执行结案2393588件，同比分别下降2.45%和4.57%；办理减刑、假释案件615010件，同比上升9.88%。
审结一审、二审、再审刑事案件941972件，同比上升6.4%；民商事案件7168992件，上升6.25%；行政案件171320件，上升2.85%。
截止12月底尚有未结案725198件，同比上升3.48%。
一、 一审案件情况
刑事、民事、行政案件均上升。2011年1-12月全国法院新收刑事、民商事、行政一审案件7596116件，审结案件7534955件，同比分别上升8.53%和7.3%，未结案487382件，同比上升14.32%。其中，刑事收案845714件，审结839973件，分别上升8.48%和7.74%，未结案32930件，同比上升21.11%；民商事收案6614049件，审结6558621件，同比分别上升8.59%和7.3%，未结案448587件，同比上升14.07%；行政收案136353件，审结136361件，同比上升5.59%和5.05%，未结案5865件，同比下降0.14%。
一审新收案件中，刑事案件占11.13%，民商事案件占87.07%，行政案件占1.80%。一审案件占全部诉讼案件（一审、二审和再审）的91.02%，占全国法院全部各类案件的66.04%。
二、 二审案件情况
二审案件下降，一审服判息诉率90.61%。2011年1-12月全国中级以上法院共收各类二审案件707498件，同比下降1.87%；审结704121件，同比下降3.67%；未结案件48070件，同比上升7.28%。二审案件占全部诉讼案件的8.48%。其中，刑事上（抗）诉案件占二审案件的13.98%，民商事案件占81.28%，行政案件占4.74%。
上诉案件占一审结案的比例9.39%，同比下降0.88个百分点，其中刑事案件11.78%，民商事案件8.77%，行政案件24.55%。
       二审结案中，改判和发回重审的占15.17%，同比下降0.67个百分点。其中，改判案件占9.37%，同比下降0.67个百分点；发回重审案件占5.8%，与去年持平。上诉案件中经二审审理改判和发回重审的占一审结案的1.42%，同比下降0.23个百分点。
三、 再审案件情况
       再审案件下降明显，生效裁判正确率达99.79%。2011年1-12月共新收再审案件42359件，审结43208件，同比分别下降7.33%和6.5%。再审案件占全部诉讼案件的0.5%。其中新收刑事案件下降8.97%，民商事案件下降7.74%，行政案件上升8.01%。未结案9203件，下降8.41%。经审判监督程序审理后改判的案件占24.36%，发回重审的占12.68%，同比分别下降1.02个百分点和上升0.57个百分点。其中本院决定再审的案件中改判的占27.34%，发回重审的占10.52%；上级法院指令再审案件中，改判和发回重审率分别是26.83%和13.53%；抗诉案件中改判的占20.5%，发回重审的占7.71%。
经审判监督程序改判和发回重审案件占当期生效裁判的0.21%。
申诉、申请再审案件较去年同期下降。2011年1-12月共新收刑事、民商事、行政申诉和申请再审案件98577件，同比下降12.07%，审结103713件，同比下降14.44%。
       四、国家赔偿和行政赔偿案件情况
       国家赔偿案件大幅上升。全国法院新收国家赔偿案件2108件，同比上升53.64%；审结2035件，同比上升43.41%，其中刑事赔偿案件占43.31%，非刑事赔偿案件占56.69%。在审结的刑事赔偿案件中，决定赔偿的案件占33.64%，赔偿率同比下降5.56个百分点。在非刑事赔偿案件中，决定赔偿案件占10.97%，赔偿率下降2.13个百分点。
行政赔偿案件收结案大幅下降。新收行政赔偿一审案件4936件，同比下降24.61%，其中单独提起行政赔偿的占81.48%，附带提起赔偿的占18.52%；审结4751件，同比下降18.97%。
五、执行案件情况
执行收案、结案、未执结案件数量均下降，实际执行率上升。全国法院2011年1-12月新收执行案件2359025件，执结2393588件，同比分别下降2.45%和4.57%。尚有未执结案件163823件，同比下降17.37%。
       其中，自动履行、执行和解占执行结案的56.09%，同比上升5.08个百分点；不予执行的占0.31%；没有财产或财产不清无法执行裁定终结的占14.10%；采取强制执行措施的占21.74%，同比上升2.16个百分点。执行案件实际执行率（自动履行、执行和解和强制执行的比例）为77.83%，同比上升5.33个百分点。其中因拒不执行采取司法措施拘留5987人，罚款1075件。
       六、案件审限和执行期限情况
       全国法院审结各类案件在审限内结案（不含批准延长审限的案件）的占99.01%。其中一审案件99.26%，二审案件97.19%，再审案件94.09%；刑事案件97.41%，民商事案件99.27%，行政案件98.48%。
执行案件执行期限内结案占99.06%。
       七、涉外、涉港、澳、台案件情况
       2011年1-12月全国法院新收涉外、涉港澳台一审、二审、再审和执行案件37215件，同比上升11.65%。其中，涉外案件18901件，同比上升11.05%；涉港案件11277件，同比上升1.91%；涉澳案件710件，同比上升19.53%；涉台案件6327件，同比上升35.98%。
       八、减刑、假释案件情况
       2011年1-12月全国法院共办理减刑、假释案件615010件，同比上升9.88%。其中减刑案件572226件，同比上升9.2%；假释案件42784件，同比上升19.76%。

Overview of Case Handling by National Courts in China in 2011

From January to December 2011, national courts across China accepted a total of 12,203,703 cases of all types, among which 11,502,808 were newly accepted. A total of 11,478,505 cases were closed (including old cases carried over from the previous year, the same below), with year-on-year growth rates of 5.85% and 4.36% respectively for case acceptance and closure.
Among them, criminal, civil and commercial, and administrative cases filed via prosecution, appeal or retrial (i.e., litigation cases) in the current year totaled 8,345,973, representing a year-on-year increase of 7.47%, with 8,282,284 cases closed, a year-on-year increase of 6.19%. Newly accepted petitions and retrial applications numbered 98,577, with 103,713 cases closed, showing year-on-year decreases of 12.07% and 14.44% respectively. Newly accepted state compensation cases totaled 2,108, with 2,035 cases closed, representing increases of 53.64% and 43.41% respectively. Newly accepted execution cases reached 2,359,025, with 2,393,588 cases closed, showing year-on-year decreases of 2.45% and 4.57% respectively. A total of 615,010 commutation and parole cases were handled, a year-on-year increase of 9.88%.
A total of 941,972 criminal, 7,168,992 civil and commercial, and 171,320 administrative cases of first, second and retrial instances were closed, with year-on-year growth rates of 6.4%, 6.25% and 2.85% respectively.
As of the end of December, there were 725,198 pending cases, a year-on-year increase of 3.48%.

I. Overview of First Instance Cases
Criminal, civil and administrative cases all saw growth. From January to December 2011, national courts newly accepted 7,596,116 first-instance criminal, civil and commercial and administrative cases, with 7,534,955 cases closed, representing year-on-year increases of 8.53% and 7.3% respectively, and 487,382 pending cases, a year-on-year increase of 14.32%.
Among them, criminal cases accepted newly numbered 845,714, with 839,973 cases closed, representing increases of 8.48% and 7.74% respectively, and 32,930 pending cases, a year-on-year increase of 21.11%. Newly accepted civil and commercial cases totaled 6,614,049, with 6,558,621 cases closed, showing year-on-year increases of 8.59% and 7.3% respectively, and 448,587 pending cases, a year-on-year increase of 14.07%. Newly accepted administrative cases numbered 136,353, with 136,361 cases closed, representing year-on-year increases of 5.59% and 5.05% respectively, and 5,865 pending cases, a year-on-year decrease of 0.14%.
In newly accepted first-instance cases, criminal cases accounted for 11.13%, civil and commercial cases accounted for 87.07%, and administrative cases accounted for 1.80%. First-instance cases accounted for 91.02% of all litigation cases (first, second and retrial instances), and 66.04% of all cases handled by national courts.

II. Overview of Second Instance Cases
Second instance cases declined, with the rate of litigants accepting first-instance judgments and not appealing reaching 90.61%. From January to December 2011, intermediate and higher courts across China accepted a total of 707,498 second instance cases of all types, a year-on-year decrease of 1.87%, with 704,121 cases closed, a year-on-year decrease of 3.67%, and 48,070 pending cases, a year-on-year increase of 7.28%. Second instance cases accounted for 8.48% of all litigation cases. Among them, criminal appeal or protest cases accounted for 13.98% of second instance cases, civil and commercial cases accounted for 81.28%, and administrative cases accounted for 4.74%.
Appealed cases accounted for 9.39% of closed first-instance cases, a year-on-year decrease of 0.88 percentage points, with 11.78% for criminal cases, 8.77% for civil and commercial cases, and 24.55% for administrative cases.
Among closed second instance cases, cases with reversed judgment or remanded for new trial accounted for 15.17%, a year-on-year decrease of 0.67 percentage points. Among them, reversed judgment cases accounted for 9.37%, a year-on-year decrease of 0.67 percentage points; cases remanded for new trial accounted for 5.8%, unchanged from the previous year. Appealed cases with reversed judgment or remanded for new trial after second instance trial accounted for 1.42% of closed first-instance cases, a year-on-year decrease of 0.23 percentage points.

III. Overview of Retrial Cases
Retrial cases declined significantly, with the accuracy rate of effective judgments reaching 99.79%. From January to December 2011, newly accepted retrial cases totaled 42,359, with 43,208 cases closed, representing year-on-year decreases of 7.33% and 6.5% respectively. Retrial cases accounted for 0.5% of all litigation cases. Among them, newly accepted criminal cases decreased by 8.97%, civil and commercial cases decreased by 7.74%, and administrative cases increased by 8.01%. There were 9,203 pending cases, a year-on-year decrease of 8.41%. Cases reversed after trial via the adjudication supervision procedure accounted for 24.36%, and cases remanded for new trial accounted for 12.68%, representing year-on-year decreases of 1.02 percentage points and increases of 0.57 percentage points respectively. Among cases remanded for retrial decided by the same court, reversed judgment cases accounted for 27.34%, and cases remanded for new trial accounted for 10.52%; among cases remanded for retrial ordered by higher courts, the rates of reversed judgment and remand for new trial were 26.83% and 13.53% respectively; among protest cases, reversed judgment cases accounted for 20.5%, and cases remanded for new trial accounted for 7.71%.
Cases reversed or remanded for new trial via the adjudication supervision procedure accounted for 0.21% of current effective judgments.
Petitions and retrial applications decreased compared with the same period last year. From January to December 2011, newly accepted criminal, civil and commercial, and administrative petitions and retrial applications totaled 98,577, a year-on-year decrease of 12.07%, with 103,713 cases closed, a year-on-year decrease of 14.44%.

IV. Overview of State Compensation and Administrative Compensation Cases
State compensation cases increased significantly. National courts newly accepted 2,108 state compensation cases, a year-on-year increase of 53.64%, with 2,035 cases closed, a year-on-year increase of 43.41%. Among them, criminal state compensation cases accounted for 43.31%, and non-criminal state compensation cases accounted for 56.69%. Among closed criminal state compensation cases, cases decided to grant compensation accounted for 33.64%, with the compensation rate decreasing by 5.56 percentage points year-on-year. Among closed non-criminal state compensation cases, cases decided to grant compensation accounted for 10.97%, with the compensation rate decreasing by 2.13 percentage points.
Administrative compensation cases saw significant declines in acceptance and closure. Newly accepted first-instance administrative compensation cases totaled 4,936, a year-on-year decrease of 24.61%, among which separately filed administrative compensation cases accounted for 81.48%, and collateral compensation cases accounted for 18.52%; 4,751 cases were closed, a year-on-year decrease of 18.97%.

V. Overview of Execution Cases
The number of accepted, closed and unexecuted execution cases all decreased, while the actual execution rate increased. National courts across China newly accepted 2,359,025 execution cases from January to December 2011, with 2,393,588 cases executed, representing year-on-year decreases of 2.45% and 4.57% respectively. There were 163,823 unexecuted cases, a year-on-year decrease of 17.37%.
Among them, automatic performance and execution settlement accounted for 56.09% of closed execution cases, a year-on-year increase of 5.08 percentage points; cases ruled non-executable accounted for 0.31%; cases terminated for execution due to no available property or unclear property status accounted for 14.10%; cases with compulsory enforcement measures taken accounted for 21.74%, a year-on-year increase of 2.16 percentage points. The actual execution rate of execution cases (the proportion of cases with automatic performance, execution settlement and compulsory enforcement) reached 77.83%, a year-on-year increase of 5.33 percentage points. Among them, 5,987 people were detained and 1,075 cases were fined via judicial measures for refusing to execute judgments.

VI. Overview of Trial and Execution Time Limits
A total of 99.01% of all closed cases handled by national courts were concluded within the statutory trial time limit (excluding cases with extended time limit approved). Among them, 99.26% for first-instance cases, 97.19% for second-instance cases, 94.09% for retrial cases; 97.41% for criminal cases, 99.27% for civil and commercial cases, 98.48% for administrative cases.
A total of 99.06% of execution cases were concluded within the statutory execution time limit.

VII. Overview of Cases Involving Foreign Elements, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Regions
From January to December 2011, national courts across China newly accepted 37,215 first-instance, second-instance, retrial and execution cases involving foreign elements, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions, a year-on-year increase of 11.65%. Among them, foreign-related cases numbered 18,901, a year-on-year increase of 11.05%; cases involving Hong Kong region numbered 11,277, a year-on-year increase of 1.91%; cases involving Macao region numbered 710, a year-on-year increase of 19.53%; cases involving Taiwan region numbered 6,327, a year-on-year increase of 35.98%.

VIII. Overview of Commutation and Parole Cases
From January to December 2011, national courts across China handled a total of 615,010 commutation and parole cases, a year-on-year increase of 9.88%. Among them, commutation cases numbered 572,226, a year-on-year increase of 9.2%; parole cases numbered 42,784, a year-on-year increase of 19.76%.