British Election Study: February 1974, Cross-Section

This data collection is part of a continuing series of surveys of the British electorate, begun by David Butler and Donald Stokes at Nuffield College, Oxford, in 1963, and continued at the University of Essex. This cross-section study was designed to yield a representative sample of eligible voters in Great Britain near the time of the general election on February 28, 1974. As with other surveys in the series, electors in Northern Ireland and the Scottish Highlands and Islands were excluded from the sampling frame. Personal interviews with 2,462 members of the British electorate took place in two waves between March and May. Respondents answered questions relating to their attitudes toward the general election and the strength of their political opinions and interest. Respondents were asked about their trust in government and their opinions of the Conservative, Labour, Liberal, Scottish Nationalist, and Plaid Cymru political parties (e.g., perceived differences among them, and knowledge and perception of party position/record). Respondents were also asked to reveal their past voting behavior (e.g., their first and second choices in the general election, other parties considered, choices in the 1970 and 1966 elections, frequency of discussion about politics, and direction and strength of party identification). Respondents were then asked for their views on the general election results along a variety of dimensions. Respondents also identified groups with too much or too little political power, as well as groups with whom they themselves identified. They were asked to rate several political parties and politicians and to express their views regarding a range of social issues relating to domestic and foreign affairs, including the mass media (e.g., attention to television and newspapers and perceived bias in newspapers), opinions on prices, strikes in general, the miners' strike, pensions, the Common Market, nationalization, social services, Communists, devolution, income tax and wage controls, and Britain's dependency on other countries (i.e., the United States, Russia, France, Germany, and Australia). Respondents were also asked to predict incomes, unemployment, and Britain's future economic situation. Other sets of questions probed for opinions on social mores and life satisfaction (e.g., life in general, personal financial status, today's standards, local government, change, and getting ahead). Background information includes age, sex, marital status, employment status, socioeconomic group, experience of unemployment in household, income, occupation, degree of supervision, and responsibility in job (for self and spouse). Information on father's vote, party choice, strength of party support, occupation, employment status, and social grade is also included.

本数据集是英国选民系列调查的延续部分，该系列调查由牛津大学纳菲尔德学院的David Butler与Donald Stokes于1963年发起，并由埃塞克斯大学持续推进。此横断面研究旨在获取1974年2月28日英国大选期间，大不列颠地区合格选民的代表性样本。与系列中其他调查一致，北爱尔兰及苏格兰高地与岛屿地区的选民未被纳入抽样框。研究于3月至5月间分两波开展，共对2462名英国选民进行了个人访谈。

受访者回答了关于大选态度、政治观点坚定程度及政治兴趣的问题；还被问及对政府的信任度，以及对保守党、工党、自由党、苏格兰民族党和威尔士民族党的看法（如政党间的感知差异、对政党立场与政绩的了解和认知）。此外，受访者需披露过往投票行为（例如大选的第一和第二选择、考虑过的其他政党、1970年与1966年大选的选择、政治讨论频率、政党认同的方向与强度）。

随后，受访者被问及对大选结果的多维度看法，以及哪些群体拥有过多或过少的政治权力，还有自身认同的群体。他们需对多个政党和政治人物进行评分，并就国内外事务相关的社会议题表达观点，包括大众媒体（如对电视和报纸的关注度、报纸的感知偏见）、物价、一般性罢工、矿工罢工、养老金、共同市场、国有化、社会服务、共产主义、权力下放、所得税与工资管制，以及英国对其他国家（美国、俄罗斯、法国、德国、澳大利亚）的依赖程度。此外，受访者需预测收入、失业情况及英国未来经济形势。

其他问题涉及社会习俗与生活满意度（如总体生活状况、个人财务状况、当代标准、地方政府、社会变革及个人发展）。背景信息包括年龄、性别、婚姻状况、就业状态、社会经济群体、家庭失业经历、收入、职业、工作监督程度及工作职责（自身及配偶）；还涵盖父亲的投票情况、政党选择、政党支持强度、职业、就业状态及社会阶层。