Surveillance and control of African swine fever in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, March-May 2020: A multi-country e-survey

Background Stringent COVID-19 public health and social measures (PHSMs) have challenged the work of animal health professionals, especially in the early phase of the pandemic. We aimed to describe the potential impacts of COVID-19 PHSMs on the surveillance and control of African swine fever (ASF) in Europe, assess how professionals engaged in these activities perceived the impact of the COVID-19 crisis, and identify potential areas of improvement. Methods An online questionnaire was proposed via email between 9 December 2020 and 22 January 2021 to 179 professionals engaged in ASF-related activities in Europe and Eastern neighbouring countries. The questionnaire contained questions pertaining to ASF surveillance and control activities between March and May 2020, respondent´s perception of the impact of COVID-19 PHSMs on these activities, and respondent´s opinion on potential improvements to prepare future crises. Economic and sanitary variables where used to describe the national contexts over the study period. Geographic location of data collection Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, and Sweden. File description Raw data generated through this study Response to the e-survey (anonymized). File name: [anonymized_questionnaire_asf.csv] Other files generated for the purpose of the study [export_training2.csv]: Answers of the respondents regarding training activities, manually formatted. [coded_points1-3_v2.csv]: Themes and sub-themes resulting from the thematic analysis. [Europe_countries1.csv]: List of the countries of origin of the survey participants. Codes File name: [ASF_e-survey_Codes_v3.Rmd] Description: Script to compute analyses and visualizations. Codes were developed using Windows 10 operating system, R (4.0.3), and RStudio (1.2.5033).

研究背景：严格的新冠肺炎（COVID-19）公共卫生与社会措施（Public Health and Social Measures, PHSMs）对动物卫生从业者的工作造成了严峻挑战，尤其在疫情大流行早期阶段。本研究旨在厘清新冠肺炎PHSMs对欧洲地区非洲猪瘟（African Swine Fever, ASF）监测与防控工作的潜在影响，评估参与相关工作的从业者对新冠肺炎疫情冲击的感知情况，并识别可用于优化未来危机应对的潜在方向。

研究方法：本研究于2020年12月9日至2021年1月22日期间，通过电子邮件向欧洲及东部邻国的179名参与非洲猪瘟相关工作的从业者发放了在线电子调查问卷。问卷内容涵盖2020年3月至5月期间的非洲猪瘟监测与防控工作相关问题、受访者对新冠肺炎PHSMs对上述工作造成影响的感知情况，以及受访者对为应对未来危机提出的改进意见。本研究使用经济与卫生相关变量，以描述研究周期内各国的整体背景情况。本次数据采集覆盖的国家包括：亚美尼亚、奥地利、比利时、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、匈牙利、冰岛、爱尔兰、以色列、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、摩尔多瓦、荷兰、挪威、波兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙及瑞典。

文件说明：本研究产生的原始数据为经匿名化处理的在线问卷回复，文件名为"anonymized_questionnaire_asf.csv"。本研究同期生成的其他文件包括：
1. "export_training2.csv"：受访者关于培训活动的回复内容，经手动格式化处理；
2. "coded_points1-3_v2.csv"：主题分析得到的主题与子主题结果；
3. "Europe_countries1.csv"：调研参与者所属国家列表。

代码文件：文件名为"ASF_e-survey_Codes_v3.Rmd"，用于执行数据分析与可视化操作。本代码基于Windows 10操作系统、R（4.0.3）及RStudio（1.2.5033）开发。