Data_Sheet_1_Application of the NEOH Framework for Self-Evaluation of One Health Elements of a Case-Study on Obesity in European Dogs and Dog-Owners.PDF

Obesity is a malnutrition disorder of global concern with increasing prevalence driven by underlying societal, economic and environmental mechanisms leading to changed physical activity patterns, eating behaviors and diet compositions in both humans and in their pet-dogs. A questionnaire-based study was carried out as a joint effort across 11 European countries. It was considered a One Health (OH) initiative between scientists from human and animal health sectors aiming to identify factors associated with obesity in dog owners and their dogs. Expected outcomes of this approach included new insights unachievable by single-sector research initiatives, and hence potentially leading to new cross-sectorial solutions. We performed an internal evaluation among the actors of the obesity initiative using the framework for evaluation developed by the “Network for Evaluation of One Health” (NEOH). It served as a case-study for the NEOH consortium to illustrate the application and provide feedback on the utility of the framework. The evaluation was performed by a subgroup of scientists also involved in the obesity study group, and it consisted of: (1) the definition of the initiative and its context, (2) the description of the theory of change, and (3) the qualitative and quantitative process evaluation of operations and supporting infrastructures scored on a scale from 0 to 1. In the One Health operations, the obesity study initiative scored medium high on OH-thinking (0.5) and OH-planning (0.45), and relatively high on OH-working (0.7). The supporting infrastructure score was high for systemic organization (0.8), but low for sharing (0.45) and learning (0.28). The calculated OH-index was 0.29 (on scale 0 to 1) indicating that the full potential of health integration and collaboration was not exploited in the initiative, and the main issue identified was a lack of stakeholder engagement. The OH-ratio of 1.1 indicated equal focus on operations and supporting infrastructures. Hence, the evaluation identified potentially counterproductive as well as beneficial characteristics, which are further discussed in this paper in relation to the expected outcomes. The NEOH framework for evaluation requires that the evaluators have a good understanding of systems thinking and the mechanisms of the health issue targeted by the initiative.

肥胖是一种备受全球关注的营养失调病症，其患病率持续攀升，背后受社会、经济与环境层面的多重机制驱动，导致人类及其伴侣犬的体力活动模式、饮食行为与膳食结构均发生改变。
本研究为一项基于问卷的调研项目，由11个欧洲国家的科研团队联合开展，属于人类与动物健康领域科研人员共同发起的全健康（One Health, OH）行动，旨在识别犬主人及其伴侣犬的肥胖相关影响因素。
该研究模式的预期成果包括单一领域研究无法获取的全新洞见，进而有望催生跨领域的创新解决方案。
本研究依托全健康评估网络（Network for Evaluation of One Health, NEOH）开发的评估框架，针对本次肥胖研究行动的参与主体开展了内部评估。本次评估同时作为NEOH联盟的案例研究，用以展示该框架的实际应用场景，并就其实用性反馈相关意见。
本次评估由同时参与肥胖研究小组的科研人员子团队完成，评估内容涵盖三部分：（1）行动及其背景的界定；（2）变革理论（theory of change）的阐述；（3）以0至1为评分区间，对运营与支撑基础设施开展定性与定量过程评估。
在全健康运营维度中，本次肥胖研究行动在全健康思维（OH-thinking）维度得分为中等偏高（0.5），全健康规划（OH-planning）维度得分为0.45，全健康实践（OH-working）维度得分相对较高（0.7）。
支撑基础设施维度方面，系统组织得分较高（0.8），但信息共享（0.45）与学习交流（0.28）维度得分偏低。
计算得到的全健康指数（OH-index）为0.29（评分区间0至1），表明本次行动尚未充分发挥健康整合与跨领域协作的全部潜力，评估发现的核心问题为利益相关方参与度不足。
全健康比率（OH-ratio）为1.1，表明本次行动对运营与支撑基础设施的关注度持平。
因此，本次评估既识别出本次行动潜在的反效果特征，也发现了其有益特质，本文将结合预期成果对这些特征展开进一步讨论。
NEOH评估框架要求评估人员需充分掌握系统思维方法，以及本次行动所针对的健康问题的作用机制。