Observed BMI and Weight by Predicted BMI Decile.

Personality traits consistently relate to and allow predicting body mass index (BMI), but these associations may not be adequately captured with existing inventories’ domains or facets. Here, we aimed to test the limits of how accurately BMI can be predicted from and described with personality traits. We used three large datasets (combined N ≈ 100,000) with nearly 700 personality assessment items to (a) empirically identify clusters of personality traits linked to BMI and (b) identify relatively small sets of items that predict BMI as accurately as possible. Factor analysis revealed 14 trait clusters showing well-established personality trait–BMI associations (disorganization, anger) and lesser-known or novel ones (altruism, obedience). Most of items’ predictive accuracy (up to r = .24 here but plausibly much higher) was captured by relatively few items. Brief scales that predict BMI have potential clinical applications—for instance, screening for risk of excessive weight gain or related complications.

人格特质与身体质量指数（BMI）始终存在关联，且可用于预测该指标，但现有人格量表的维度或层面未能充分捕捉这些关联关系。本研究旨在探究借助人格特质预测与描述BMI的精准度边界。本研究采用包含近700项人格评估条目、总样本量约10万的三个大型数据集，以实现两大研究目标：(a) 实证性地识别出与BMI相关的人格特质集群；(b) 筛选出可精准预测BMI的精简条目集合。因素分析结果显示，共得到14个人格特质集群，其中既包含已被学界证实的人格特质与BMI关联（如无序性、愤怒），也涵盖了鲜为人知或全新的关联类型（如利他主义、服从性）。多数条目的预测效能（本研究中最高可达相关系数r=0.24，但据推测实际潜在效能或更高）可通过极少量条目得以体现。可精准预测BMI的简短量表具备潜在临床应用价值，例如用于筛查体重过度增长或相关并发症的风险。