Supporting Data for "Study of Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters and Their Hybrids for Catalysis and Energy Storage"

Metal nanoclusters, particularly those composed of silver, copper, and gold, represent a fascinating class of materials due to their atomically precise structures. Unlike traditional metal nanoparticles, nanoclusters are characterized by well-defined formulas, such as [Mx(SR)y]q, which specify the exact number of metal atoms and ligands. Despite their appealing structures, there is limited research on the application of nanoclusters in catalysis and energy storage. Key findings of this thesis include the fabrication of doped Au-Ag nanoclusters integrated with the metal-organic framework ZIF-8, resulting in a significant enhancement of supercapacitor performance. Furthermore, the in-situ synthesis of bimetallic Au-Cu nanoclusters leads to a homogeneous dispersion on ZIF-8, yielding a specific capacitance that is 3.9 times higher than that obtained through ex-situ preparation methods. Additionally, this thesis details the effective synthesis of Au-Cu nanoclusters as a nanocatalyst, demonstrating their capability in facilitating three-component organic transformations. This work not only enhances our understanding of the structures and reactivity of nanoclusters but also underscores their potential applications in energy storage and catalysis.

金属纳米团簇（Metal nanoclusters），尤其是由银、铜与金构成的这类材料，因其原子级精准的结构而成为一类极具研究价值的功能材料。与传统金属纳米颗粒（traditional metal nanoparticles）不同，纳米团簇具有明确的化学式（如[Mx(SR)y]q），可精准指明金属原子与配体的具体数目。尽管其结构颇具吸引力，但目前针对纳米团簇在催化与储能领域的应用研究仍较为有限。本论文的核心研究成果包括：制备了与金属有机框架（metal-organic framework）ZIF-8复合的掺杂型金-银纳米团簇，该复合材料可显著提升超级电容器的性能；此外，通过原位合成双金属金-铜纳米团簇，可使其在ZIF-8载体上实现均匀分散，所得比电容是非原位制备方法所得比电容的3.9倍；此外，本论文还详述了金-铜纳米团簇作为纳米催化剂（nanocatalyst）的高效合成方法，证实了其可有效催化三组分有机转化反应。本研究不仅加深了人们对纳米团簇结构与反应活性的认识，同时也凸显了其在储能与催化领域的应用潜力。