Collaborative Research: Toward a Circumarctic Lakes Observation Network (CALON)-- Multiscale observations of lacustrine systems

The scientific goals and methods that address the intellectual merits of the research are: (1) Expand on existing lake monitoring sites in northern Alaska by developing a network of regionally representative lakes along environmental gradients from which we will collect baseline data to assess current physical, chemical, and biological lake characteristics. This will allow the project scientists to make spatial and temporal comparisons to determine the impact of warmer temperatures, changing cloud cover and precipitation patterns, permafrost degradation, and direct human impacts on lakes; (2) Implement a multiscale (hierarchical) lake instrumentation scheme such that basic data is collected from 51 lakes, while a subset of lakes are more intensively instrumented; (3) Provide regional scaling and extrapolation of key metrics through calibration and validation of satellite imagery with ground measurements; and (4) Develop and implement standardized protocols to enable inter-site comparison and to prepare for expansion towards a pan-Arctic network. The education/outreach goals that address the broader impacts of the research outlined above are: (1) Incorporate indigenous observations of lake physical and biological characteristics and changes. Innovative interactive methods of sharing information will be developed and made available through native and local organizations. Scientific and technical training will be provided to Iñupiat students for monitoring lake and drinking water quality; (2) Develop a demonstration monitoring network based on the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) architecture and link this network to research centers, indigenous communities, and other power- and connectivity-challenged environments; (3) Develop and refine data management, visualization, and archiving activities with ACADIS; and (4) Provide an introduction to Arctic science for several beginning investigators. Funding Source: Arctic Observing Network (AON), Arctic System Science Program (ARCSS) Sponsors: - University of Cincinnati Main Campus, University Hall, Suite 530, Cincinnati, OH 45221 - University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 312 N 14th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588 - University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, West Ridge Research Bldg 008, Fairbanks, AK 99775 - Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Ave., Anchorage, AK 99508

科学目标及方法（旨在解决研究的学术价值）如下：（1）通过构建沿环境梯度分布的区域代表性湖泊网络，扩展阿拉斯加北部现有湖泊监测站点，收集基线数据以评估当前湖泊的物理、化学及生物特征。这将使项目科学家能够进行时空比较，从而确定气温升高、云量变化、降水模式改变、永久冻土退化（permafrost degradation）及人类直接影响对湖泊的作用；（2）实施多尺度（分层）湖泊仪器观测方案：从51个湖泊收集基础数据，同时对其中一个子集湖泊进行更密集的仪器部署；（3）通过卫星图像与地面测量数据的校准和验证，实现关键指标的区域尺度扩展与外推；（4）制定并实施标准化协议，以支持站点间比较，并为泛北极网络的扩展奠定基础。针对上述研究更广泛影响的教育与推广目标如下：（1）整合原住民对湖泊物理及生物特征变化的观察，开发创新的互动信息共享方法，并通过原住民及地方组织提供这些方法；为因纽皮亚特（Iñupiat）学生提供科学技术培训，以监测湖泊及饮用水质量；（2）基于延迟容忍网络（DTN）架构开发示范监测网络，并将其连接至研究中心、原住民社区及其他电力与连接性受限的环境；（3）与ACADIS合作开发并完善数据管理、可视化及归档活动；（4）为若干初级研究者提供北极科学入门指导。资助来源：北极观测网络（Arctic Observing Network, AON）、北极系统科学计划（Arctic System Science Program, ARCSS）赞助机构：- 辛辛那提大学主校区，University Hall，530室，俄亥俄州辛辛那提市 45221- 内布拉斯加大学林肯分校，北14街312号，内布拉斯加州林肯市 68588- 阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯分校，西岭研究大楼008，阿拉斯加州费尔班克斯市 99775- 美国地质调查局阿拉斯加科学中心，大学大道4210号，阿拉斯加州安克雷奇市 99508