HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL EDUCATION COURSE FOR UNDERGRADUATE HEALTH STUDENTS: ANALYSIS OF A SHARED CONSTRUCTION

Abstract Undergraduate studies in the fields of health are currently being debated regarding the need for change in their syllabuses concerning the principles of the Brazilian Unified Health System, among other topics. Overcoming the operational and technicist education and expanding the critical thinking abilities of the students about the historical and political determinations of health are among the challenges highlighted. The article analyzes the teaching/learning process with a critical perspective based on the Historical and Political Education Course for Undergraduate Health Students, an extension semi-virtual course offered nationally, and supported by the National Policy for Popular Education in Health within the Unified Health System. In the present article, we analyzed the experiences brought about by the course, which took place between March and December 2014. The development of the course was based on the theoretical and methodological conceptions of the construction of shared knowledge, guided by the field of Popular Education and Health. The article presents: the history and the process of development of the course, the political and pedagogical project, the educational and pedagogical materials, and the contributions and questions, with notes on the potential future implications in educational processes in the field of health.

摘要 目前，健康领域的本科教育正围绕教学大纲的改革必要性展开广泛研讨，其中涉及巴西统一健康系统（Brazilian Unified Health System）的相关原则等多项议题。克服实操导向与技术主义化的教育模式，培养学生针对健康领域历史与政治定性问题的批判性思维能力，是本次讨论重点突出的挑战之一。本文以面向健康专业本科生的历史与政治教育课程（Historical and Political Education Course for Undergraduate Health Students）为研究载体，该课程是一项在全国范围内推行的半虚拟延伸课程，依托巴西统一健康系统框架下的健康民众教育国家政策（National Policy for Popular Education in Health）提供支持，采用批判性视角剖析其教与学过程。本文分析了该课程于2014年3月至12月开展期间所积累的实践经验。本课程的开发以共享知识构建的理论与方法论框架为基础，以民众教育与健康领域的研究范式为指导。本文涵盖以下内容：该课程的发展历程与建设脉络、政治与教学项目设计方案、教育教学配套材料，以及其带来的实践贡献与相关思考，并附有关于健康领域教育进程未来潜在影响的相关评述。