PI3K phosphorylates PIP2 to PIP3
收藏reactome.org2025-03-24 收录
下载链接:
https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-2316434
下载链接
链接失效反馈官方服务:
资源简介:
A number of different extracellular signals converge on PI3K activation. PI3K can be activated downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) such as FGFR (Ong et al. 2001, Eswarakumar et al. 2005), KIT (Chian et al. 2001, Ronnstrand 2004, Reber et al. 2006), PDGF (Coughlin et al. 1989, Fantl et al. 1992, Heldin et al. 1998), insulin receptor IGF1R (Hadari et al. 1992, Kooijman et al. 1995), and EGFR and its family members (Rodrigues et al. 2000, Jackson et al. 2004, Kainulainen et al. 2000, Junttila et al. 2009). Other proteins, such as CD28 (Pages et al. 1996, Koyasu 2003, Kane and Weiss, 2003) and TRAT1 (Bruyns et al. 1998, Koyasu 2003, Kolsch et al. 2006), can also trigger PI3K activity.<br><br>In unstimulated cells, PI3K class IA exists as an inactive heterodimer of a p85 regulatory subunit (encoded by PIK3R1, PIK3R2 or PIK3R3) and a p110 catalytic subunit (encoded by PIK3CA, PIK3CB or PIK3CD). Binding of the iSH2 domain of the p85 regulatory subunit to the ABD and C2 domains of the p110 catalytic subunit both stabilizes p110 and inhibits its catalytic activity. This inhibition is relieved when the SH2 domains of p85 bind phosphorylated tyrosines on activated RTKs or their adaptor proteins. Binding to membrane-associated receptors brings activated PI3K in proximity to its membrane-localized substrate, PIP2 (Mandelker et al. 2009, Burke et al. 2011).
众多不同的细胞外信号汇聚于PI3K的激活过程。PI3K的激活可位于受体酪氨酸激酶(RTKs)如FGFR(Ong等,2001年,Eswarakumar等,2005年)、KIT(Chian等,2001年,Ronnstrand,2004年,Reber等,2006年)、PDGF(Coughlin等,1989年,Fantl等,1992年,Heldin等,1998年)、胰岛素受体IGF1R(Hadari等,1992年,Kooijman等,1995年)以及EGFR及其家族成员(Rodrigues等,2000年,Jackson等,2004年,Kainulainen等,2000年,Junttila等,2009年)的下游。其他蛋白质,如CD28(Pages等,1996年,Koyasu,2003年,Kane和Weiss,2003年)和TRAT1(Bruyns等,1998年,Koyasu,2003年,Kolsch等,2006年),亦能触发PI3K的活性。<br><br>在未受刺激的细胞中,PI3K类IA以p85调节亚基(由PIK3R1、PIK3R2或PIK3R3编码)和p110催化亚基(由PIK3CA、PIK3CB或PIK3CD编码)的无活性异源二聚体形式存在。p85调节亚基的iSH2结构域与p110催化亚基的ABD和C2结构域的结合,既稳定了p110,又抑制了其催化活性。当p85的SH2结构域与激活的RTK或其适配蛋白上的磷酸化酪氨酸结合时,这种抑制得以解除。与膜结合受体的结合使激活的PI3K与其膜定位的底物PIP2(Mandelker等,2009年,Burke等,2011年)接近。
提供机构:
reactome.org



