Drosophilidae and 48 other dipterous families from localities in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia

On high-temperature summer days, with strong wind and low humidity, species of <i>Drosophila</i> and related genera, and of Diptera generally, are more frequently found in places that are darker (suggesting negative phototropism), lower down (suggesting positive geotropism) and damper or where desiccation stress is minimal (suggesting positive hydrotropism). At three such shaded, humid, gully sites, two in the NSW North Coast bioregion (IBRA NNC17, NNC13) and three in the South Eastern Highlands bioregion (IBRA SEH01) drosophilid flies were surveyed for short periods by net-sweeping during hot summer months of 2018–2019. All other Diptera were retained and sorted to family. Very little is known of dipterous diversity at the family level at any one locality in Australia. This is because few studies have immediate access to expert taxonomists who can provide determinations right across the order with very high confidence. Equally unusual is for a single survey to focus on all families in one large order (Diptera) and, at the same time, on all species in one of those families (Drosophilidae), as is the result presented here. Surveys ceased at each bioregion after about 2500 specimens had been collected (Table 4).

在高温、强风且湿度较低的夏日，果蝇属（Drosophila）及其近缘属，乃至整个双翅目（Diptera）的物种，更常出现在较为阴暗的区域（提示其具有负趋光性）、较低的位置（提示其具有正趋地性）以及更潮湿或干燥胁迫最小的生境（提示其具有正趋湿性）。本研究在3处符合上述特征的荫蔽潮湿沟谷生境开展调查：其中2处位于新南威尔士州北海岸生物区（IBRA NNC17、NNC13），另外3处位于东南部高地生物区（IBRA SEH01）；2018-2019年的炎热夏季期间，研究人员采用扫网采样法对这些生境中的果蝇科（Drosophilidae）昆虫开展了短期调查。所有其他双翅目昆虫均被留存并鉴定至科水平。

目前，澳大利亚境内任何地区的双翅目昆虫科级多样性都鲜有研究涉及，这是因为鲜有研究能够随时获取可对整个双翅目类群进行高置信度鉴定的分类学专家。而一项调查同时聚焦于一个大目（双翅目）下的所有科，以及其中一个科（果蝇科）下的所有物种，此类研究同样极为罕见，本研究的调查结果即属此类。每个生物区的采样均在采集约2500份标本后停止（见表4）。