METROMOV - Metropolitan Governance for sustainable mobility

The database is one of the results of the project "METROMOV - Metropolitan Governance for Sustainable Mobility" (2024-27), funded by the National R&D Plan 2023 of the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2023-147260NB-I00. Directed by Mariona Tomàs and Marc Martí-Costa, the project wants to understand the building and definition of models of metropolitan governance of mobility in Spain. There is no comprehensive work based on a common methodology that address this topic, this is why the METROMOV project seeks to cover this gap in the literature and the research.

The first specific goal of the project was to create a thematic database of metropolitan institutions in Spain related to mobility issues, including hard forms like metropolitan governments, metropolitan sectorial agencies and consortiums as well as soft forms as metropolitan strategic plans. The database provides an updated and rigorous portrait of the institutional thickness of urban agglomerations, gathering up to 77 metropolitan cooperation instruments in the Spanish functional areas that deal with sustainable mobility at metropolitan scale. In other words, it is a picture of the institutional reality of Spanish urban agglomerations. This database provides precious information about the model of metropolitan governance, the municipalities involved and the sectors with most and less institutionalization.

As in Spain there is not an official or statistical definition of metropolitan areas, the project departed from the concept of Functional Urban Areas (FUA), considered as “densely inhabited city and a less densely populated commuting zone whose labour market is highly integrated with the city” (Eurostat). According to this definition, the commuting zone contains the surrounding travel-to-work areas of a city where at least 15 % of employed residents are working in a city. In the case of Spain, we find 47 big FUA in 2024, where the central city has more than 100.000 inhabitants. The database was structured considering these 47 Spanish FUAs, and it was necessary that at least 3 municipalities participated in the metropolitan cooperation tools.

In the grid, you will find the 77 instruments of metropolitan cooperation following different criteria. First of all, the models of metropolitan governance, from hard to soft: metropolitan government, metropolitan sectoral agency, “mancomunidad”, consortium, public or public-private company, territorial plan, sectoral plan, association of municipalities, strategic plan. Other complementary information is added, such as: the year of creation; number and names of municipalities that are part of the entity; percentage of territory covered by this tool, etc.

The database is published in open access to ensure transparency, replicability, and future updating. The first version is published in the original language (Spanish).

本数据库是"METROMOV - 可持续出行都市治理（Metropolitan Governance for Sustainable Mobility）"项目（编号2024-27）的研究成果之一，该项目由西班牙科学与创新部2023年度国家研发计划资助（项目编号：PID2023-147260NB-I00），由Mariona Tomàs与Marc Martí-Costa担任负责人。项目旨在研究西班牙都市出行治理模式的构建与界定，当前学界尚无基于统一方法论针对该主题的系统性研究成果，因此METROMOV项目旨在填补这一文献与研究空白。

本项目的首要具体目标是构建西班牙范围内与出行议题相关的都市治理机构专题数据库，涵盖实体型形式（如都市政府、都市专项机构与联合体）及非实体型形式（如都市战略规划）。该数据库对西班牙城市集聚体的制度厚度进行了更新且严谨的梳理，收录了西班牙功能区内共计77项面向都市尺度可持续出行的合作举措，换言之，该数据库完整呈现了西班牙城市集聚体的制度现实，可为都市治理模式、参与市镇以及制度化程度高低各异的领域提供珍贵的研究信息。

鉴于西班牙暂无官方或统计层面的都市区定义，本项目以欧洲统计局（Eurostat）定义的功能都市区（Functional Urban Areas, FUA）为研究基础：即“人口稠密的核心城市，以及与其劳动力市场高度一体化的低密度通勤区”。根据该定义，通勤区包含城市周边的通勤就业区，其中至少15%的就业居民在该核心城市工作。截至2024年，西班牙共有47个大型功能都市区，其核心城市人口均超过10万。本数据库以这47个西班牙功能都市区为框架构建，且要求纳入的都市合作工具至少有3个市镇参与。

在数据库表格中，77项都市合作举措将按照多类标准进行分类。首要分类维度为从实体到非实体的都市治理模式，包括：都市政府、都市专项机构、mancomunidad（西班牙市镇联合体）、联合体、公立或公私合营企业、空间规划、专项规划、市镇协会、战略规划。此外还补充了多项辅助信息，例如：创建年份、参与该合作工具的市镇数量与名称、该合作工具覆盖的地域面积占比等。

本数据库以开放获取形式发布，以保障研究的透明度、可复现性及未来更新可行性。首个版本以原语言（西班牙语）发布。