DNaseI Digital Genomic Footprinting from ENCODE/University of Washington [Mouse]

This data was generated by ENCODE. If you have questions about the data, contact the submitting laboratory directly (Richard Sandstrom mailto:[e-mail]). If you have questions about the Genome Browser track associated with this data, contact ENCODE (mailto:[e-mail]).This track, produced as part of the mouse ENCODE Project, contains deep sequencing DNase data that will be used to identify sites where regulatory factors bind to the genome (footprints).Footprinting is a technique used to define the DNA sequences that interact with and bind DNA-binding proteins, such as transcription factors, zinc-finger proteins, hormone-receptor complexes, and other chromatin-modulating factors like CTCF. The technique depends upon the strength and tight nature of protein-DNA interactions. In their native chromatin state, DNA sequences that interact directly with DNA-binding proteins are relatively protected from DNA degrading endonucleases, while the exposed/unbound portions are readily degraded by such endonucleases. A massively parallel next-generation sequencing technique to define the DNase hypersensitive sites in the genome was adopted. The DNase samples were sequenced using next-generation sequencing machines to significantly higher depths of 300-fold or greater. This produces a base-pair level resolution of the DNase susceptibility maps of the native chromatin state. These base-pair resolution maps represent and are dependent upon the nature and the specificity of interaction of the DNA with the regulatory/modulatory proteins binding at specific loci in the genome; thus they represent the native chromatin state of the genome under investigation. The deep sequencing approach has been used to define the footprint landscape of the genome by identifying DNA motifs that interact with known or novel DNA binding proteins.

本数据集由DNA元件百科全书（ENCODE）生成。若对该数据集有疑问，请直接联系提交实验室（Richard Sandstrom，邮箱：[e-mail]）。若对与本数据集关联的基因组浏览器轨道有疑问，请联系ENCODE（邮箱：[e-mail]）。
本轨道作为小鼠ENCODE项目的一部分制作完成，包含深度测序脱氧核糖核酸酶（DNase）数据，该数据将用于识别调控因子结合于基因组的位点（即足迹）。
足迹技术是一种用于界定与DNA结合蛋白相互作用并结合的DNA序列的技术，此类蛋白包括转录因子、锌指蛋白、激素受体复合物，以及其他染色质调控因子如CCCTC结合因子（CTCF）。
该技术依托于蛋白质与DNA相互作用的强度与紧密程度。在天然染色质状态下，直接与DNA结合蛋白相互作用的DNA序列相对受到DNA降解性核酸内切酶的保护，而暴露/未结合的区域则易被此类核酸内切酶降解。
本研究采用大规模并行下一代测序技术以定位基因组中的DNase超敏感位点。使用下一代测序仪对DNase样本进行测序，测序深度显著提升至300倍及以上，从而获得天然染色质状态下DNase敏感性图谱的碱基对级分辨率。
此类碱基对级分辨率图谱反映并依赖于DNA与结合在基因组特定位点的调控/调节蛋白之间相互作用的性质与特异性，因此它们代表了所研究基因组的天然染色质状态。本深度测序方法通过识别与已知或新型DNA结合蛋白相互作用的DNA基序，已被用于绘制基因组的足迹图谱。