DATASET FOR STUDY: The Contribution of Braking Rate of Force Development and Braking Impulse to Push-Off Force Distribution and Jump Performance: An Exploratory Study.

This is raw data for an exploratory study investigated the relationships between eccentric force characteristics (braking rate of force development (RFD) and braking impulse) and phase-specific concentric (push-off) force application and jump height during bilateral and unilateral countermovement jumps (CMJs). Data from 206 physically active individuals (basketball players and students) were retrospectively analyzed. Jump height showed strong positive correlations with concentric impulse in both the early and late halves of the push-off phase (r ≈ .61–.71), with slightly stronger associations observed for the late push-off impulse. Notably, the ratio of early- to late push-off phase impulse was also related to jump height (r ≈ -.61–. -71), suggesting that a more evenly distributed or late-phase-oriented force profile is advantageous to performance. Eccentric braking impulse demonstrated moderate positive associations with both early-concentric impulse (r ≈ .29–.53) and jump height (r ≈ .38–.48), but not with late-concentric impulse. Braking RFD was positively associated with early-concentric impulse (r ≈ .29–.53), but showed weak or non-significant associations with jump height and late-concentric impulse, particularly in unilateral jumps. These findings emphasize the importance of force distribution timing and highlight the need for future confirmatory research to test the hypotheses generated by this exploratory analysis.本数据集为一项探索性研究的原始数据，该研究探讨了双侧与单侧反向跳（countermovement jumps, CMJs）过程中，离心力特性（包括制动力发展速率（rate of force development, RFD）与制动力冲量（braking impulse））与特定阶段向心（concentric, push-off）发力以及跳跃高度之间的关联。本研究对206名经常参与运动的个体（篮球运动员与学生）的数据进行了回顾性分析。跳跃高度在蹬伸阶段的前半段与后半段均与向心冲量呈较强正相关（相关系数r≈0.61~0.71），且蹬伸后期向心冲量与跳跃高度的关联强度略高。值得注意的是，蹬伸前后期冲量比值同样与跳跃高度呈显著负相关（r≈-0.61~-0.71），提示发力分布更均匀或更偏向蹬伸后期的力量曲线更有利于运动表现。离心制动力冲量与蹬伸早期向心冲量（r≈0.29~0.53）及跳跃高度（r≈0.38~0.48）均呈中等程度正相关，但与蹬伸后期向心冲量无显著关联。制动力发展速率（RFD）与蹬伸早期向心冲量呈正相关（r≈0.29~0.53），但与跳跃高度及蹬伸后期向心冲量的关联较弱或无统计学意义，在单侧反向跳中尤为明显。本研究结果凸显了发力时机分布的重要性，并指出未来需开展验证性研究，以检验本探索性分析所提出的研究假设。