Data Sheet 1_The role of nutrition education in the pharmacy curriculum using the example of knowledge about the health benefits of nuts.pdf

In recent years, nuts have gained importance because of their nutritional benefits in promoting health and preventing chronic diseases. Despite their recognized role as part of healthy dietary patterns, global consumption is below recommended levels, necessitating an investigation of factors influencing consumption and the impact of nutrition education.
ObjectiveTo investigate the attitudes, knowledge and consumption habits of students in Serbia regarding the consumption of nuts and to examine the role and importance of food- or nutrition-related topics in academic curricula in promoting positive attitudes and habits regarding the consumption of nuts among pharmacy students.
MethodsAn electronic questionnaire was used to collect data for this cross-sectional study. A total of 509 responses were collected, including 382 from pharmacy students (75.0%) and 127 from non-pharmacy students (25.0%).
ResultsAttitudes toward eating nuts were generally positive, with statistically significant differences found between pharmacy students and non-pharmacy students for 10 statements. The knowledge levels differed, with the mean total number of correct answers in the total sample being 3.9 ± 2.5 (R: 0-11, Mdn: 4) out of 13, and there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between pharmacy students and non-pharmacy students on 8 out of 13 knowledge questions. The study revealed that students obtained information about the health benefits of nuts, mainly from college lectures (51.9%) and mass media (60.9%). More than half of the students (57.8%) expressed a desire for additional information about nuts, which influenced their attitudes significantly more than their level of knowledge.
ConclusionThe results showed that pharmacy students had better knowledge and more positive attitudes toward the consumption of nuts compared to non-pharmacy students. Although completion of nutrition-related courses showed some positive influence, this was not statistically significant for most attitudes and beliefs. These findings underscore the potential value of integrating comprehensive nutrition education into pharmacy curricula, as the combination of knowledge and positive attitudes fostered by pharmacy and nutrition education will enable future health professionals to play a critical role in promoting healthier and sustainable eating habits in the population.

近年来，坚果因其促进健康、预防慢性疾病的营养益处而愈发受到重视。尽管坚果已被公认为健康膳食模式的组成部分，但全球坚果消费量仍低于推荐标准，因此有必要探究影响坚果消费的相关因素以及营养教育的作用效果。

研究目的：本研究旨在调查塞尔维亚学生对坚果消费的态度、认知水平与消费习惯，并探讨学术课程中食品或营养相关主题，在提升药学专业学生（pharmacy students）对坚果消费的积极态度与习惯方面的作用与重要性。

研究方法：本研究为横断面研究（cross-sectional study），采用电子问卷（electronic questionnaire）收集数据。最终共回收有效问卷509份，其中药学专业学生（pharmacy students）382份（占比75.0%），非药学专业学生（non-pharmacy students）127份（占比25.0%）。

研究结果：学生对食用坚果的态度整体呈积极倾向，针对10项表述的调查显示，药学专业学生与非药学专业学生的态度存在统计学显著性差异。两组学生的认知水平存在差异：总样本的平均总答对题数为3.9±2.5（总分13分，分值范围0~11，中位数（Mdn）为4）；且在13道认知题中，有8道题的作答结果在药学专业学生与非药学专业学生间存在统计学显著性差异（p<0.05）。本研究显示，学生获取坚果健康益处相关信息的主要渠道为高校授课（51.9%）与大众媒体（60.9%）。超过半数学生（57.8%）表示希望获取更多坚果相关知识，且该意愿对其态度的影响程度显著高于自身的认知水平。

研究结论：结果显示，相较于非药学专业学生，药学专业学生对坚果消费的认知水平更高，态度也更为积极。尽管修读营养相关课程展现出一定积极影响，但该影响对多数态度与认知信念而言并未达到统计学显著性水平。本研究结果凸显了将系统化营养教育纳入药学课程体系的潜在价值：药学与营养教育所培育的认知水平与积极态度，将使未来的卫生专业人员能够在推动人群养成更健康、可持续的饮食习惯方面发挥关键作用。