Time-Perception Deficits in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The present meta-analysis quantified the deficit in time perception in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) throughout the lifespan and examined potential moderators of this deficit. Our sample of 824 effect sizes showed a mean <i>g</i> of 0.688 that was moderated by the age of the sample and working memory. Separate moderator analyses for samples below or above the age of 18 showed that the link with working memory only applied to the samples below the age of 18, whereas an effect of ADHD subtype only applied to samples 18 and above. The discussion highlights the implications for remediation and avenues for future research.

本项元分析量化了注意缺陷多动障碍（Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder，ADHD）患者在整个生命周期内的时间感知缺损，并探讨了该缺损的潜在调节变量。本研究纳入的824个效应量样本显示，平均g值为0.688，且该效应受被试年龄与工作记忆的调节。针对18岁以下与18岁以上的亚组样本分别开展调节效应分析后发现，与工作记忆的关联仅存在于18岁以下的亚组样本中，而ADHD亚型的效应仅见于18岁及以上的亚组样本。本研究的讨论部分阐明了该发现对临床矫治的启示，并提出了未来研究的若干方向。