EAI Pelotas Dataset: an epidemiological study of a city in southern Brazil

<p>The dataset comes from the study EAI PELOTAS, a population-based prospective cohort focused on assessing the demand for urgent and emergency care services in the urban area of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Southern Brazil. Baseline data collection took place between September and December 2021. The sampling methodology was carried out in multiple stages, randomly selecting 100 census tracts and subsequently 50 additional tracts to complete the required sample size, ensuring the representativeness of the adult population (18 years or older). The final baseline sample included 5,722 participants who responded to the survey covering several domains:</p>

<ul>
<li>Multimorbidity and Chronic Diseases -- based on a list of 22 chronic and other diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, asthma/bronchitis, cancer, heart failure, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, depression, among others);</li>

<li>Socioeconomic and Behavioral Variables -- Demographic and socioeconomic information, behavioral characteristics (such as smoking), health status, access to, use of, and quality of health services;</li>

<li>Specific Topics -- Questions regarding physical activity, food security, frailty syndrome, functional disability, self-rated health, and issues related to COVID-19.</li>
</ul>

<p>For the follow-up phase (September 2022 to February 2023), baseline participants were invited to complete a second questionnaire covering sociodemographic factors, the use of urgent and emergency services, behavioral aspects, oral health, and COVID-19. This phase resulted in a sample of 3,461 participants.</p>

本数据集源自EAI PELOTAS研究，这是一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究，旨在评估巴西南部南里奥格兰德州（RS）佩洛塔斯市区的急诊与急救服务需求。基线数据采集于2021年9月至12月期间完成。采样采用多阶段随机抽样方法：首先随机抽取100个普查区，随后追加抽取50个普查区以达到所需样本量，确保研究样本能够代表18岁及以上成年人群体。最终基线样本共纳入5722名完成问卷的参与者，问卷涵盖以下多个研究领域：
- 共病与慢性病：基于22种慢性疾病及其他病症的清单展开调查，涵盖高血压、糖尿病、肥胖症、哮喘/支气管炎、癌症、心力衰竭、帕金森病、脑卒中、抑郁症等；
- 社会经济与行为变量：包含人口统计学与社会经济信息、行为特征（如吸烟情况）、健康状况、卫生服务的可及性、使用情况与服务质量；
- 专项主题：涉及身体活动、食物安全、衰弱综合征、功能障碍、自评健康状况以及与新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）相关的各类问题。

在随访阶段（2022年9月至2023年2月），研究团队邀请基线参与者完成第二份问卷，内容涵盖社会人口学因素、急诊与急救服务使用情况、行为特征、口腔健康以及COVID-19相关问题。该阶段最终纳入3461名参与者作为随访样本。