Early induction of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora

ABSTRACT In Coffea canephora, the number of orthotropic shoots is directly related to plant yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative and yield performance of Coffea canephora, from the botanical variety Conilon, under different management systems for early emission of orthotropic shoots. The experiment was carried out in Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, between November 2011 and May 2014. Three types of management techniques were tested for early induction of orthotropic shoots in coffee trees (T1 = bending of the orthotropic shoot; T2 = apical pruning of the orthotropic shoot, T3 = free growing). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 20 replicates. Each block consisted of a clonal genotype (clone) from the Embrapa Coffee Breeding Program. The techniques pruning and apical pruning were efficient to induce early growth of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora, resulting in higher yield in the first commercial bean production.

摘要 在小果咖啡（Coffea canephora）中，直生枝（orthotropic shoots）数量与植株产量直接相关。本研究旨在评估源自Conilon植物学变种的小果咖啡，在适配直生枝早萌发的不同栽培管理模式下的营养生长与产量表现。试验于2011年11月至2014年5月间，在巴西朗多尼亚州西欧鲁普雷图地区开展。本试验针对咖啡树直生枝早诱导设置了3种栽培管理技术：T1=直生枝弯折处理；T2=直生枝顶端修剪处理；T3=自由生长。试验采用随机区组设计，共设置20次重复，每个区组对应巴西农牧业研究公司（Embrapa）咖啡育种项目培育的一个无性系基因型（克隆）。结果表明，弯折与顶端修剪技术均可有效诱导小果咖啡直生枝提早生长，并在首次商业化咖啡豆生产中实现了更高产量。