Prevalence of dyslipidemia in children from 2 to 9 years old

ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze the occurrence of dyslipidaemia and associated factors in children aged 2 to 9 years. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out with 700 children, in a region of Northeast Brazil. For comparison of means, Student’s t test was used; and, for the comparison of medians, the Mann-Whitney test. Results: A prevalence of dyslipidaemia of 68.4% was found. In isolation, the majority had a level of: total desirable cholesterol (386; 55.1%), undesirable lipoprotein cholesterol (376; 53.7%), low density lipoproteins - desirable cholesterol (514; 73.4%) and desirable triglyceride (509; 72.7%). In the final multivariate model, only the variable “preschool age” was significant (prevalence ratio = 1.14), indicating that these children are more likely to have dyslipidaemia than those of school age. Conclusion: An association was found between dyslipidaemia and preschool age. The need for programs and strategies to better understand this problem is indicated, in addition to preventing early coronary diseases.

摘要
目的：分析2至9岁儿童血脂异常（dyslipidaemia）的发生情况及其相关影响因素。
方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入巴西东北部某地区的700名儿童。均值比较采用学生t检验（Student’s t test），中位数比较采用曼-惠特尼检验（Mann-Whitney test）。
结果：本次研究检出血脂异常患病率为68.4%。单项指标分析显示，多数儿童的血脂水平分别为：总胆固醇达标（386例，占55.1%）、不良脂蛋白胆固醇异常（376例，占53.7%）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇达标（514例，占73.4%）以及甘油三酯达标（509例，占72.7%）。最终构建的多变量回归模型中，仅“学龄前年龄”变量具有统计学显著性（患病率比=1.14），提示学龄前儿童罹患血脂异常的概率高于学龄期儿童。
结论：本研究证实血脂异常与学龄前年龄存在关联。研究表明，需制定相关项目与策略以深入阐明该问题，并开展早期冠状动脉疾病的预防工作。