Physical Oceanographic Characteristics of Herring Nursery Habitats in Prince William Sound, 2010-2012, EVOS Herring Program

These data are part of the Herring Program of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council (EVOSTC), project number 10100132-E, which is a multi-faceted study to determine why herring populations in Prince William Sound (PWS) remain depressed since the early 1990s.

Past research of juvenile Pacific herring in PWS has shown that recruitment is highly influenced by conditions within nursery sites affecting survival within the first year. Important among these factors is the pre-winter condition of juvenile (age-0) herring and the effects of water temperatures on their metabolism. Studies of the physical oceanography of nursery fjords during the Sound Ecosystem Assessment (SEA) program indicate that each site has a unique set of hydrographic conditions that are influenced by both local processes and water exchange between the Gulf of Alaska and PWS. These factors vary significantly depending on geographic location, basin morphometry, watershed topography and proximity to sources of glacial water.

This dataset includes the following: 1) temperature and salinity data collected by moored and profiled CTDs; and 2) thermistors strung at specific depth intervals on the moorings. The data were collected from 2010 to 2012, and built upon a 2007-2008 study funded by the EVOSTC (entitled Physical Oceanographic Factors Affecting Productivity in Juvenile Pacific Herring Nursery Habitats, EVOS project numbers: 070817, 080817, 090817) by continuing a hydrographic time series within the four principal PWS nursery fjords: Simpson Bay, Eaglek Bay, Whale Bay, and Zaikof Bay.

The data are given in ASCII format, which can be read by any type of text viewing software, such as UNIX based Awk or Generic Mapping Tool (GMT), data visualization and spreadsheet software such as Matlab and Excel, and Microsoft programs such as Notepad and Wordpad. The data are in both raw and processed forms, the latter including quality checking, data reduction and averaging (where appropriate). The CTDs include an SB19plus for profiles, and SB16.03s, SB37s and an SB19.03 for moored data. Pre-cruise and post-cruise calibrations were performed on the instruments before and after program completion.

这些数据属于埃克森·瓦尔迪兹漏油事件受托人委员会（Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council，EVOSTC）鲱鱼项目的一部分，项目编号为10100132-E。该项目是一项多维度研究，旨在探究自20世纪90年代初以来威廉王子湾（Prince William Sound，PWS）鲱鱼种群数量持续低迷的原因。

以往针对PWS区域太平洋幼鲱的研究表明，补充量（recruitment）受育苗场环境条件的显著影响，这些条件左右着幼鲱在第一年的存活率。其中关键因素包括0龄幼鲱的越冬前状态，以及水温对其新陈代谢的影响。在海湾生态系统评估（Sound Ecosystem Assessment，SEA）项目期间开展的育苗场峡湾物理海洋学研究显示，每个站点都具有独特的水文条件组合，这些条件受当地过程及阿拉斯加湾与PWS之间水体交换的双重影响。这些因素因地理位置、流域形态、集水区地形及与冰川水源的距离而存在显著差异。

本数据集包含以下内容：1）通过锚系和剖面CTD（温盐深仪）采集的温度与盐度数据；2）在锚系上按特定深度间隔布设的热敏电阻数据。数据采集时间为2010年至2012年，是对EVOSTC资助的2007-2008年研究（标题为《影响太平洋幼鲱育苗场栖息地生产力的物理海洋学因素》，EVOS项目编号：070817、080817、090817）的延续，通过在PWS四个主要育苗场峡湾（辛普森湾、伊格尔克湾、鲸鱼湾和扎伊科夫湾）持续开展水文时间序列观测实现。

数据以ASCII格式提供，可通过各类文本查看软件读取，如基于UNIX的Awk或通用映射工具（Generic Mapping Tool，GMT）；也可通过数据可视化与电子表格软件读取，如Matlab和Excel；还可通过微软（Microsoft）程序读取，如记事本（Notepad）和写字板（Wordpad）。数据同时包含原始和处理两种形式，处理后的数据包括质量检查、数据缩减及（适当情况下的）平均化处理。CTD设备包括用于剖面观测的SB19plus，以及用于锚系数据采集的SB16.03s、SB37s和SB19.03。项目开展前后分别对仪器进行了航前和航后校准。