多比特器件表征、测量所用设备和一般流程

"数据的采集主要是在低温环境下进行的，利用Bluefors LD250稀释制冷机，最低温度约为10-30 mK。采集数据的输入信号包括直流偏置、低频和高频三部分。直流偏置由直流源表(YOKOGAWA，GS200)或任意波产生器(Spectrum 4MI6622)提供，低频信号由任意波产生器(Spectrum 4MI6622或Tektronix AWG5014C）产生。高频信号由微波源提供，为ROHDE-SCHWARZ SMB-100A或SINOLINK-SLFS8等。信号的采集主要由采集卡完成，为Spectrum 4MI2211或Alazar-ATS9360）。关于数据精度，则由相应的仪器的精度给出。为了减少噪声对数据的影响，数据采集时在线路上加了滤波器，包括室温和低温滤波。
部分数据采集也采用与北京六合联创科技有限公司开发的多通道测控系统，DAC可以提供2.5GHz采样率，16为分辨的AWG信号，ADC可以以1.25GHz采样率和12位分辨率采集数据。
实验采用频分复用的方式实现多比特的读取，每个比特以色散耦合的方式和一个读取谐振腔耦合，每个谐振腔的频率略有不同，并均与读出传输线耦合。每个比特的量子态通过对应的读取谐振腔的共振频率处信号幅度和相位的变化来确定。
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Data collection was primarily performed in a cryogenic environment using a Bluefors LD250 dilution refrigerator, with the minimum temperature reaching approximately 10–30 mK. The input signals for data acquisition include three components: DC bias, low-frequency signals, and high-frequency signals. The DC bias is supplied by either a DC source meter (YOKOGAWA, GS200) or an arbitrary waveform generator (Spectrum 4MI6622). Low-frequency signals are generated by arbitrary waveform generators (Spectrum 4MI6622 or Tektronix AWG5014C). High-frequency signals are provided by microwave sources such as ROHDE-SCHWARZ SMB-100A or SINOLINK-SLFS8. Signal acquisition is mainly completed via data acquisition cards, specifically the Spectrum 4MI2211 or Alazar-ATS9360. The accuracy of the collected data is determined by the precision of the corresponding instruments. To mitigate the impact of noise on the data, filters were installed in the signal lines during data collection, including both room-temperature and cryogenic filters.

Some data collection also adopted a multi-channel measurement and control system developed by Beijing Liuhe Lianchuang Technology Co., Ltd. The DAC of this system can generate AWG signals with a 2.5 GHz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution, while its ADC can acquire data at a 1.25 GHz sampling rate and 12-bit resolution.

The experiment adopted frequency-division multiplexing to realize multi-qubit readout. Each qubit is dispersively coupled to a readout resonator, with each resonator having a slightly different frequency, and all resonators are coupled to a readout transmission line. The quantum state of each qubit is determined by the changes in the signal amplitude and phase at the resonant frequency of the corresponding readout resonator.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于多比特器件的表征与测量，数据采集在低温环境下进行，利用稀释制冷机等设备，涉及直流、低频和高频信号的输入与采集。实验采用频分复用和色散耦合方式实现多比特读取，通过读取谐振腔的频率变化确定量子态。