Management cessation reshapes microbial and physicochemical controls of soil organic carbon in subtropical forests

This dataset supports the manuscript “Management cessation reshapes microbial and physicochemical controls of soil organic carbon in abandoned Moso bamboo forests.” It contains field and laboratory measurements collected along a 30-year management-cessation chronosequence (0, 10, 20, and 30 years since cessation) in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests in southeastern China.

Study design and sampling. Three replicate plots (20 m × 20 m) were established for each chronosequence stage (n = 12 plots). Forest-floor litter was separated into Oi, Oe, and Oa layers. Mineral soils were sampled at 0–5 cm and 5–15 cm depths using plot-level composites. Bulk density was determined using intact cores.

Variables included. The dataset includes:

Litter chemistry: total C, total N, and C:N ratio (Oi/Oe/Oa);

Soil physicochemical properties: soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), bulk density (BD), soil water content (SWC), and pH (0–5 and 5–15 cm);

Microbial properties: microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN);

Extracellular enzyme activities: β-glucosidase (BG), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP).

File structure. Raw/cleaned data tables are provided in [CSV/Excel] format with consistent plot identifiers, treatment stage, litter layer and/or soil depth. Summary tables (means ± SE, n) and post-hoc results used for figures are included. Analysis scripts used for statistics (two-way ANOVA/GLS, Tukey HSD, correlation, PCA, and structural equation modelling) and figure generation are provided in R.

Reuse notes. Variable names and units are documented in the accompanying README/metadata file. Users should cite the associated manuscript when using these data. No human participants or vertebrate animals were involved.

Location and period. Baizhang Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; sampling conducted in January 2025 (soils and litter), with site/stand attributes surveyed in May 2023.

本数据集支撑题为《经营中断重塑弃管毛竹林土壤有机碳的微生物与理化调控机制》的学术论文手稿。本数据集包含中国东南部毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）林沿30年经营中断时间序列（中断后0、10、20、30年）采集的野外与实验室测定数据。

### 研究设计与采样方案
每个时间序列阶段设置3个重复样地（20 m × 20 m），总计12个样地。林地表层凋落物被划分为Oi、Oe、Oa三层；矿质土壤按0–5 cm和5–15 cm两层采集，采用样地混合样。土壤容重采用原状土柱法测定。

### 数据集包含指标
1. 凋落物化学指标：各层（Oi/Oe/Oa）的总碳、总氮及碳氮比；
2. 土壤理化性质：0–5 cm和5–15 cm土层的土壤有机碳（soil organic carbon, SOC）、溶解性有机碳（dissolved organic carbon, DOC）、容重（bulk density, BD）、土壤含水量（soil water content, SWC）及pH值；
3. 微生物学指标：微生物量碳（microbial biomass carbon, MBC）与微生物量氮（microbial biomass nitrogen, MBN）；
4. 胞外酶活性：β-葡萄糖苷酶（β-glucosidase, BG）、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, NAG）及亮氨酸氨基肽酶（leucine aminopeptidase, LAP）。

### 文件结构
原始与预处理数据表格以[CSV/Excel]格式提供，包含统一的样地标识符、处理阶段、凋落物层和/或土层信息。本数据集包含用于绘图的汇总表（均值±标准误，样本量n）及事后检验结果。用于统计分析（双因素方差分析/广义最小二乘法、Tukey HSD检验、相关性分析、主成分分析及结构方程模型）与绘图的R语言脚本已一并提供。

### 数据使用说明
变量名称与单位详见附带的README/元数据文件。使用本数据集时需引用关联论文手稿。本研究未涉及人类受试者与脊椎动物。

### 采样地点与时间
中国浙江省杭州市余杭区百丈镇；土壤与凋落物采样于2025年1月完成，样地林分属性调查于2023年5月开展。