Polychoric matrix of all items.

Mind-wandering is an essential cognitive process in which people engage for 30–50% of their waking day and is highly associated with neuroticism. The current study identified the factor structure of retrospective self-report items related to mind-wandering and perseverative cognition content and explored these associations with neuroticism. In an adult community sample (N = 309), items from the NYC Cognition Questionnaire, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire Short Form, and the Rumination Responses Brooding Subscale were entered into factor analyses to test the optimal factor structure of these items. We employed a structural model to investigate associations of mind-wandering facets with neuroticism. A correlated three factor solution best fit the data (CFI = .94, TLI = .93, SRMR = .07, RMSEA = .07). Bifactor models failed to provide evidence for a general mind-wandering construct above and beyond variance explained by mind-wandering and perseverative cognition facets. The structural model revealed differential associations of each facet with neuroticism. A wandering mind is not always an unhappy mind. Whereas worry and rumination are associated with higher levels of neuroticism, mind-wandering has other components that relate to positively valenced cognition and lower neuroticism. Adaptive and maladaptive mind-wandering should be tested together in future studies of personality and psychopathology.

心智游移（mind-wandering）是人类清醒时段内占比30%至50%的核心认知过程，且与神经质（neuroticism）存在高度关联。本研究明确了与心智游移及持续性认知内容相关的回顾性自我报告条目的因子结构，并探讨了其与神经质的关联。在成人社区样本（N = 309）中，研究纳入了纽约大学认知问卷（NYC Cognition Questionnaire）、宾夕法尼亚洲担忧问卷简版（Penn State Worry Questionnaire Short Form）以及反刍思维反应沉思分量表（Rumination Responses Brooding Subscale）的条目开展因子分析，以检验这些条目的最优因子结构。本研究采用结构模型，探究心智游移各维度与神经质的关联。结果显示，相关三因子模型对数据的拟合效果最优（CFI = .94, TLI = .93, SRMR = .07, RMSEA = .07）。双因子模型未能证明存在超越心智游移与持续性认知维度所解释方差的通用心智游移构念。结构模型分析揭示了各维度与神经质的差异化关联。心智游移并非总是伴随负面情绪。相较于担忧与反刍与更高水平的神经质呈正相关，心智游移还存在与正性效价认知及较低神经质相关的其他成分。未来在人格与精神病理学研究中，应同时对适应性与非适应性心智游移展开检验。