Data Sheet 1_Search engines and short video apps as sources of information on acute pancreatitis in China: quality assessment and content assessment.docx

BackgroundAcute pancreatitis is a prevalent condition in China. A plethora of information pertaining to acute pancreatitis is readily available on the Internet, including on major search engines and various short video applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the quality, content completeness, and accuracy of information related to acute pancreatitis on web pages of the four major search engines and short videos on the two major short video platforms.
Materials and methodsA search was conducted on four major search engines (Bing, Baidu, Haosou, and Sougou) and two short video apps (TikTok and BiliBili) using the Chinese keyword “acute pancreatitis.” The sources can be divided into four categories: scientific resources, news/media reports, industrial/commercial profit organizations, and healthcare providers. The quality of the web pages and short videos was evaluated using the DISCERN instrument, the Global Quality Score (GQS), and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). In accordance with established guidelines and reviews of acute pancreatitis, two lists and scoring systems were devised for the evaluation of content comprehensiveness and accuracy.
ResultsA total of 120 unique web pages and 120 unique videos were identified using four search engines and two short video applications, respectively. The most prevalent identity among those producing short videos was that of healthcare providers. With regard to the source of the web pages, the most prevalent category was that of industrial/commercial profit organizations. The median DISCERN total score, median GQS score, and median JAMA score were 26, 3, and 2, respectively. Web pages exhibited significantly higher ratings than short videos (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, and p < 0.001). The median overall content score for the web page was 8 (interquartile range [IQR] 4–13), and the median guideline-related score was 2 (IQR 0–4), indicating that the web page’s content was deficient in terms of completeness and accuracy. In comparison, the performance of the short video was found to be even more deficient.
ConclusionIn China, most web pages pertaining to acute pancreatitis were produced by industrial/commercial profit organizations, but the quality of the information provided by these entities was found to be the lowest. The majority of short videos were created by healthcare providers, but the overall quality of these videos was found to be inadequate. In general, the quality of both web pages and short videos is suboptimal. Nevertheless, the quality of web pages was found to be superior to that of short videos. In terms of completeness and accuracy, both the web page and the video exhibit significant deficiencies that are cause for concern.

背景 急性胰腺炎（Acute pancreatitis）是中国的常见疾病。互联网上存在大量与急性胰腺炎相关的公开信息，覆盖主流搜索引擎及各类短视频应用平台。本研究旨在评估并对比四大搜索引擎网页与两大短视频平台短视频中，急性胰腺炎相关信息的质量、内容完整性与准确性。

材料与方法 使用中文关键词“急性胰腺炎”，在四大搜索引擎（必应（Bing）、百度（Baidu）、好搜（Haosou）及搜狗（Sougou））与两款短视频应用（TikTok及哔哩哔哩（BiliBili））上开展检索。检索所得信息源可划分为四类：科学资源、新闻/媒体报道、商业营利性机构及医疗服务提供者。采用DISCERN量表（DISCERN instrument）、全球质量评分量表（Global Quality Score，GQS）及《美国医学会杂志》（Journal of the American Medical Association, JAMA）评分体系，对网页及短视频的信息质量进行评价。结合急性胰腺炎的既定指南与综述研究，制定两套列表及评分系统，用于评估内容的全面性与准确性。

结果 经四大搜索引擎与两款短视频应用检索，分别获得120个独立网页与120条独立短视频。短视频创作者中占比最高的群体为医疗服务提供者；而网页信息源中占比最高的类别为商业营利性机构。网页的DISCERN总分、GQS评分及JAMA评分的中位数分别为26、3及2，显著高于短视频（p<0.001，p=0.003，p<0.001）。网页的整体内容评分中位数为8（四分位距[IQR] 4~13），指南相关评分中位数为2（IQR 0~4），提示网页内容在完整性与准确性方面存在明显不足；相较之下，短视频的内容表现更为逊色。

结论 在中国，多数与急性胰腺炎相关的网页由商业营利性机构制作，但其提供的信息质量却最低；而多数短视频由医疗服务提供者创作，但整体质量仍未达标。总体而言，网页与短视频的信息质量均欠佳，但网页质量仍优于短视频。无论是网页还是短视频，其内容在完整性与准确性方面均存在显著不足，需引起重视。