Effect of genotype and protein source on performance of Pacific white shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>)

Shrimp farming is supported by fast-growth and high-resistance genotypes. Protein requirement is important for shrimp perfomance. Fishmeal is the main source, but their limited production increase feed formulation costs for aquaculture. This study evaluated the effect of genotype and protein source on performance of two shrimp genotypes. Shrimps with fast-growth (FG) and high-resistance (HR) were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments (animal and vegetal protein) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. A 36-day bioassay was realised in clear-water hyper-intensive system to compare FG and HR performance using three replicate tanks for each genotype and dietary treatment. Each tank was seeded with 10 shrimp with average initial weight of 2.03 ± 0.10 g for FG genotype and 2.07 ± 0.02 g for HR genotype, at a density of 250 shrimp/m³. A weekly biometry was realised to monitor the shrimp performance. We observed a significant interaction (<i>p 05) between genotype and diet for shrimp growth performance. Compared with HR shrimp, FG shrimp showed higher growth and better feed efficiency. The maximum weight gain was recorded, FG shrimp was significantly higher than HR shrimp independently of protein source. Diet with different protein source significantly influence the performance of FG shrimp, while in HR shrimp there is no significant difference between dietary treatment. The comparison showed that genotype, diet and their interactions influenced the performance of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. This research may be useful for improving genetic selection programmes, reducing feed costs for shrimp industry and design-feeding strategies for shrimp genotypes.Highlights</i><i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> genotypes respond differently to diet.Fishmeal reduction on diet is posible in shrimps with high resistance.Genotype and diet interaction influence shrimp performance. <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> genotypes respond differently to diet. Fishmeal reduction on diet is posible in shrimps with high resistance. Genotype and diet interaction influence shrimp performance.凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）的养殖依赖速生、高抗品系。蛋白质需求对虾的养殖性能至关重要。鱼粉是主要的蛋白源，但鱼粉产量有限，推高了水产养殖的饲料配方成本。本研究评估了品系与蛋白源对两种凡纳滨对虾品系养殖性能的影响。将速生（fast-growth, FG）与高抗（high-resistance, HR）对虾随机分为两种日粮处理组（动物蛋白组与植物蛋白组），采用2×2因子试验设计。本试验在清水超集约化养殖系统中开展，为期36天，每个品系和日粮处理设置3个重复养殖桶。每个养殖桶投放10尾对虾，速生品系初始平均体重为2.03±0.10 g，高抗品系为2.07±0.02 g，养殖密度为250尾/m³。每周开展一次生物测量以监测对虾养殖性能。结果显示，品系与日粮对虾生长性能存在显著交互作用（p<0.05）。与高抗对虾相比，速生对虾的生长速度更快、饲料利用效率更佳。无论采用何种蛋白源，速生对虾的最大增重均显著高于高抗对虾。不同蛋白源日粮显著影响速生对虾的养殖性能，而高抗对虾的养殖性能在不同日粮处理间无显著差异。研究结果表明，品系、日粮及其交互作用均会影响凡纳滨对虾的养殖性能。本研究可为对虾遗传选育计划优化、对虾养殖行业降低饲料成本以及针对不同对虾品系设计专用饲喂策略提供参考。 研究亮点： 1. 凡纳滨对虾不同品系对日粮的响应存在差异； 2. 高抗品系对虾日粮中可减少鱼粉添加量； 3. 品系与日粮的交互作用会影响对虾养殖性能。