Descriptive statistics.

This study investigates the impact of the Sihao Rural Road (SHRR) Program on travel behavior in Qingshuihe County, Inner Mongolia, China focusing on travel mode choice, travel frequency, and travel distance. Using an integrated Structural Equation Model (SEM) and Discrete Choice Model (DCM) framework, data were collected from 127 households between August 2023 and March 2024. The analysis reveals that the SHRR program significantly reduces travel frequency, likely due to improved local accessibility that decreases the need for frequent trips. Simultaneously, SHRR facilitates longer travel distances and promotes greater reliance on motorized modes. This suggests that enhanced infrastructure enables residents to travel farther and more efficiently using private vehicles, motorcycles, and electric bicycles. Car ownership plays a critical role, significantly influencing both travel distance and the adoption of motorized modes. However, its relationship with the use of electric bicycles is more complex, with effects mediated by other factors such as travel distance and frequency. These findings underscore the importance of considering both direct and indirect effects of rural infrastructure policies when evaluating their impact on mobility patterns and transport mode choices.

本研究以中国内蒙古自治区清水河县为研究区域，探讨四好农村路（Sihao Rural Road, SHRR）项目对居民出行行为的影响，重点聚焦出行方式选择、出行频次与出行距离三大维度。本研究整合结构方程模型（Structural Equation Model, SEM）与离散选择模型（Discrete Choice Model, DCM）分析框架，于2023年8月至2024年3月期间完成了127户家庭的调研数据采集。分析结果显示，四好农村路项目显著降低了居民出行频次，这一现象大概率源于当地通达性提升，减少了居民的高频出行需求。与此同时，该项目助力居民实现更长距离的出行，并推动居民更多地依赖机动化出行方式。这表明，完善的农村交通基础设施可支持居民借助私家车、摩托车与电动自行车实现更远距离、更高效的出行。私家车保有量发挥着关键作用，对居民出行距离与机动化出行方式的选择均产生显著影响。不过，私家车保有量与电动自行车使用之间的关联更为复杂，其影响会受到出行距离、出行频次等其他因素的中介调节。本研究结果凸显，在评估农村交通基础设施政策对出行模式与交通方式选择的影响时，需同时考量其直接效应与间接效应。