European Prevention of Alzheimer’s Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study Dataset (v.IMI)

The EPAD LCS was a multi-site European wide longitudinal study designed to gather a comprehensive array of cognitive, lifestyle, and clinical biomarker data from a cohort of participants ≥50 years of age who were recruited from existing cohorts and the general population, in order to (1) provide a trial readiness cohort of persons across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) probability spectrum, and (2) generate an enriched dataset for longitudinal disease modelling. Study protocol has been previously described in [Solomon et al (2019)](https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021017). The EPAD LCS dataset includes 2,096 participants (19.6% preclinical AD), mean age 65.7 (SD 7.41) years, with clinical and cognitive data at multiple timepoints.

Outcome data available for reuse include:
- **sociodemographic and clinical variables**, i.e. family history of AD/dementia in first degree relatives, dementia-related diagnosis, medical history, physical examination, comorbidities, medication, BMI, waist-hip ratio, and blood pressure
- **cognitive assessment and lifestyle data**, i.e. Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), TABCAT Battery, Virtual Reality Supermarket Trolley Task, Four Mountains Test
- **vascular burden**, i.e. white matter lesions, infarcts, lacunes, microbleeds, superficial siderosis
- **biomarkers**, i.e. MRI, APOE genotype, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

The Scottish brain Health BioResource Centre houses a collection of EPAD LCS CSF, blood, urine & saliva samples for future biomarker assessments (emerging AD biomarkers): beta-amyloid, t-tau, p-tau (neurofilament light, TREM 2, and neurogranin). These data are not included in this dataset but available upon request from the [EPAD Consortium](https://ep-ad.org/index.php/open-source-data/).

EPAD LCS is registered at [www.clinicaltrials.gov](https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/). Identifier: NCT02804789

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EPAD LCS是一项欧洲多中心纵向研究，旨在从年龄≥50岁的参与者队列中采集涵盖认知、生活方式及临床生物标志物的全面数据，该队列招募自现有队列及普通人群，目标为：（1）提供覆盖阿尔茨海默病（AD）概率谱的试验准备队列；（2）生成用于纵向疾病建模的富集数据集。研究方案已在[Solomon等人（2019）](https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021017)中详细描述。EPAD LCS数据集包含2096名参与者（19.6%为临床前AD），平均年龄65.7岁（标准差7.41），具有多个时间点的临床及认知数据。

可供复用的结果数据包括：
- **社会人口学与临床变量**：即一级亲属的AD/痴呆家族史、痴呆相关诊断、病史、体格检查、合并症、用药情况、BMI、腰臀比及血压
- **认知评估与生活方式数据**：即临床痴呆评定量表（CDR）、简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、老年抑郁量表（GDS）、状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、神经心理状态重复评定量表（RBANS）、TABCAT电池、虚拟现实超市购物车任务、四山测试
- **血管负担**：即白质病变、梗塞、腔隙、微出血、表面含铁血黄素沉着
- **生物标志物**：即磁共振成像（MRI）、载脂蛋白E（APOE）基因型及脑脊液（CSF）

苏格兰脑健康生物资源中心收藏了EPAD LCS的脑脊液、血液、尿液及唾液样本，用于未来的生物标志物评估（新兴AD生物标志物）：β-淀粉样蛋白、总tau蛋白、磷酸化tau蛋白（神经丝轻链、TREM2及神经颗粒素）。这些数据未包含在本数据集中，但可通过向EPAD联盟（https://ep-ad.org/index.php/open-source-data/）申请获取。

EPAD LCS已在[www.clinicaltrials.gov](https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/)注册，标识符：NCT02804789