Narva Reservoir 2002 (Littoral samples)

Phytoplankton samples were picked with bottle from among reed stands or from above thick beds of submerged plants from the depth 20-30 cm, were preserved in Lugol’s (acidified iodine) solution and counted under an inverted microscope (Utermöhl, 1958). 3 ml of preserved sample was settled overnight and counted in random fields or transects. Biovolumes of algal cells, colonies and/or filaments were calculated using assigned geometric shapes dimensions, and converted to biomass assuming the specific density of 1 g cm-3 in accordance with Edler (1979). Macroscopic colonies of Gloeotrichia echinulata were enumerated visually in 500 ml measuring cylinder. Counting units are independent (single) algal cells, colonies or filaments/trichomes. One species or taxon may be present in the sample as different counting units and may be counted at different magnifications. References of methods accepted Approved by CEN on 14 July 2006 “Water quality - Guidance standard on the enumeration of phytoplankton using inverted microscopy (Utermöhl technique)” (CEN 15204, 2006) European Standard EN 15204:2006 Utermöhl, H., 1958. Zur Vervollkommnung der quantitativen Phytoplankton-Methodik. Mitteilungen der Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 9, 1-38. Edler, L. (ed.), 1979. Recommendations on methods for marine biological studies in the Baltic Sea. Phytoplankton and chlorophyll. Baltic Marine Biologists WG 9. (13) Biovolume calculation for pelagic and benthic microalgae | Request PDF. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220031275_Biovolume_calculation_for_pelagic_and_benthic_microalgae [accessed Oct 29 2018]. The most commonly used traditional biomass estimate for microalgae is cell biovolume, which is calculated from microscopically measured linear dimensions (Steinman et al. 1991, Snoeijs 1994, Sommer 1994, 1995, Hillebrand and Sommer 1997). Hand-books, most representative Huber-Pestalozzi, G., Komarek, J., Fott, B. 1983. Das Phytoplankton des Süsswassers. 7(1). Chlorophyceae. Chlorococcales. Stuttgart. 1044. S. Komarek, J., Anagnostidis, K. 1999. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. 19/1. Cyanoprocaryota. 1. Chroococcales. Elsevier Spectrum Academischer Verlag. Heidelberg. Berlin. 548 S. Komarek, J., Anagnostidis, K. 2005. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. 19/2. Cyanoprocaryota. 2. Oscillatoriales. Elsevier Spectrum Academischer Verlag. 759 S. Komárek, J., 2013. Cyanoprokaryota 3. Teil: Heterocystous Genera. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. B. 19/3. Springer Spektrum. 1130 S. Krammer, K., Lange-Bertalot, H. 1997-1991. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Bacillariophyceae. B. 2, 1-4. Spectrum Academischer Verlag.Heidelberg. Berlin.. Popovský, J., Pfiester, L.A. 20008. Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellida). Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. B. 6. Springer Spektrum. 272 S. Косинская Е.К. 1960. Флора споровых растений СССР. Том 5. Конъюгаты и Сцеплянки. (2). Изд. АН СССР. Москва-Ленинград. 706 стр. In Russian. Korshikov, A.A. (1953). Viznachnik prisnovodnikh vodorosley Ukrainsykoi RSR [Vyp] V. Pidklas Protokokovi (Protococcineae). Bakuol'ni (Vacuolales) ta Protokokovi (Protococcales) [The Freshwater Algae of the Ukrainian SSR. V. Sub-Class Protococcineae. Vacuolales and Protococcales]. pp. 1-439. Kyjv [Kiev]: Akad. NAUK URSR. In Ukrainian. Матвiенко О.М. 1965. Визначник прiсноводных водоростей Украǐнской РСР. 3. Частина 1. Золотисти водорости – Chrysophyta. Изд. Наукова Думка. Киǐв. 367 стр. In Ukrainian. Попова Т.Г. 1955. Определитель пресноводных водорослей. Вып. 7. Эвгленовые водоросли. Изд. Советская Наука, Москва. 282 стр. In Russian.

浮游植物样本采用瓶采法采集，采样点选自芦苇丛中或沉水植物茂密群落上方20~30 cm水深处；样本使用卢戈氏（Lugol’s，酸化碘）溶液固定后，通过倒置显微镜进行计数（Utermöhl，1958）。取3 mL固定后的样本静置过夜，随后在随机视野或样带中完成计数。藻类细胞、群体及/或丝状体的生物体积通过预设几何形状的尺寸参数计算得到，并参照Edler（1979）的方法，以1 g·cm⁻³的比重将生物体积转换为生物量。针棘胞藻（Gloeotrichia echinulata）的宏观群体采用500 mL量筒进行目视计数。计数单位为独立的单个藻类细胞、群体或丝状体/藻丝。同一种类或分类群可能以不同计数单位形式存在于样本中，并可通过不同放大倍数进行计数。
本研究采用的方法已通过欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）于2006年7月14日批准的标准："Water quality - Guidance standard on the enumeration of phytoplankton using inverted microscopy (Utermöhl technique)"（CEN 15204，2006），即欧洲标准EN 15204:2006。
相关参考文献如下：
1. Utermöhl, H., 1958. Zur Vervollkommnung der quantitativen Phytoplankton-Methodik. Mitteilungen der Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 9, 1-38.
2. Edler, L. (ed.), 1979. Recommendations on methods for marine biological studies in the Baltic Sea. Phytoplankton and chlorophyll. Baltic Marine Biologists WG 9. (13) Biovolume calculation for pelagic and benthic microalgae | Request PDF. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220031275_Biovolume_calculation_for_pelagic_and_benthic_microalgae [accessed Oct 29 2018].
3. 微藻最常用的传统生物量估算方法为细胞生物体积法，即通过显微镜测量的线性尺寸计算得到（Steinman et al. 1991, Snoeijs 1994, Sommer 1994, 1995, Hillebrand and Sommer 1997）。
4. Huber-Pestalozzi, G., Komarek, J., Fott, B. 1983. Das Phytoplankton des Süsswassers. 7(1). Chlorophyceae. Chlorococcales. Stuttgart. 1044 S.
5. S. Komarek, J., Anagnostidis, K. 1999. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. 19/1. Cyanoprocaryota. 1. Chroococcales. Elsevier Spectrum Academischer Verlag. Heidelberg. Berlin. 548 S.
6. S. Komarek, J., Anagnostidis, K. 2005. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. 19/2. Cyanoprocaryota. 2. Oscillatoriales. Elsevier Spectrum Academischer Verlag. 759 S.
7. S. Komárek, J., 2013. Cyanoprokaryota 3. Teil: Heterocystous Genera. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. B. 19/3. Springer Spektrum. 1130 S.
8. S. Krammer, K., Lange-Bertalot, H. 1997-1991. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Bacillariophyceae. B. 2, 1-4. Spectrum Academischer Verlag.Heidelberg. Berlin.
9. Popovský, J., Pfiester, L.A. 2008. Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellida). Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. B. 6. Springer Spektrum. 272 S.（注：原文笔误为20008，已修正为2008）
10. Косинская Е.К. 1960. Флора споровых растений СССР. Том 5. Конъюгаты и Сцеплянки. (2). Изд. АН СССР. Москва-Ленинград. 706 стр. In Russian.
11. Korshikov, A.A. (1953). Viznachnik prisnovodnikh vodorosley Ukrainsykoi RSR [Vyp] V. Pidklas Protokokovi (Protococcineae). Bakuol'ni (Vacuolales) ta Protokokovi (Protococcales) [The Freshwater Algae of the Ukrainian SSR. V. Sub-Class Protococcineae. Vacuolales and Protococcales]. pp. 1-439. Kyjv [Kiev]: Akad. NAUK URSR. In Ukrainian.
12. Матвiенко О.М. 1965. Визначник прiсноводних водоростей Украǐнской РСР. 3. Частина 1. Золотисти водорости – Chrysophyta. Изд. Наукова Думка. Киǐв. 367 стр. In Ukrainian.
13. Попова Т.Г. 1955. Определитель пресноводных водорослей. Вып. 7. Эвгленовые водоросли. Изд. Советская Наука, Москва. 282 стр. In Russian.