Supplementary Material for: Revisiting Persistence in Developmental Psychology: An Integrative Framework for Flexible Persistence

In developmental and educational psychology persistence is primarily conceptualized as sustained and independent effort exerted over a relatively short period on a single task. We propose a more unified and integrative framework in which persistence is understood as part of dynamic, flexible – and potentially adaptive – self-regulatory processes. These processes involve various temporary and intermediate strategies and decisions at any given time, aimed at long-term adaptive human functioning rather than immediate task or goal completion. We review the separate literatures that collectively support our notion of flexible persistence and further clarify our conceptual framework. Finally, we outline future directions for research.

在发展与教育心理学领域中，毅力（persistence）最初主要被概念化为个体在单一任务上，于相对较短时段内付出的持续且自主的努力。本研究提出一套更具统一性与整合性的理论框架，将毅力视作动态、灵活且具备潜在适应性的自我调节过程的组成部分。这类自我调节过程在任意时刻均包含多种临时、过渡性的策略与决策，其核心目标是实现人类长期的适应性机能，而非仅完成当下的任务或达成短期目标。本研究回顾了分别支撑"灵活型毅力"这一核心概念的多组独立研究文献，并进一步阐明了本文的理论框架。最后，本文梳理了该领域未来的研究方向。