Region and industry in Brazil: is “concentrated deconcentration” still evident?

Abstract This article provides an analysis of the rearrangements of the industrial sector across the territory in the 1996-2015 period. Recent data have confirmed that regional concentration of industrial activities faced decline. Meanwhile, the following concerns should be considered: a) there is an undeniable loss in importance of the industrial sector in the Brazilian economy; b) industrial restructuring has been centered on natural resource and labor-intensive industrial activities, where productivity levels are very low; and c) industrial activities are, despite the recent deconcentration, spatially concentrated in relevant industrial agglomerations located in the South and Southeast.

摘要：本文对1996至2015年间巴西全国范围内的工业部门空间重构展开分析。近期相关数据已证实，工业活动的区域集聚程度有所下降。与此同时，需重点关注以下三方面问题：a）巴西经济中的工业部门地位已出现不可否认的下滑；b）工业重构主要集中于自然资源密集型与劳动密集型工业活动，此类活动的生产率水平普遍极低；c）尽管近期出现了产业分散化（deconcentration）趋势，但工业活动仍在空间上高度集聚于巴西南部与东南部的重点产业集聚区（industrial agglomerations）。