Microbiological risks of infant formulas

Abstract The objective of this paper was discuss the main biological hazards found in infant formulas from literature reports, especially from outbreak records. This study has an exploratory nature through a bibliographical review where scientific search sites were used as data sources. Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica are among the main microorganisms that cause diseases associated with infant formulas ingestion; however, Clostridium botulinum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus can also be responsible for infant formulas contaminations. Since infants have the immune and metabolic systems still in development, they represent a more vulnerable group to contaminants, making it essential to offer safe foods from processing in industry to administration in homes and hospital units.摘要 本研究旨在基于文献报道，尤其是暴发疫情记录，探讨婴幼儿配方食品中检出的主要生物危害因素。本研究属于探索性研究，采用文献综述法，以科学检索平台作为数据来源。阪崎克罗诺杆菌（Cronobacter sakazakii）与肠炎沙门氏菌（Salmonella enterica）是引发婴幼儿配方食品摄入相关疾病的主要微生物；此外，肉毒梭菌（Clostridium botulinum）、肺炎克雷伯菌（Klebsiella pneumoniae）、金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）及蜡样芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）也可导致婴幼儿配方食品受到污染。由于婴幼儿的免疫与代谢系统尚处于发育阶段，属于对污染物更为易感的群体，因此从工业加工、家庭食用到医疗机构配制使用的全环节，保障婴幼儿配方食品的安全性均至关重要。