Coughlin et al. Cardiovascular Medicine 2026.pdf

Because CKMS was only proposed by the American Heart Association in 2023, there has been a paucity of information about the distribution and determinants of the syndrome across population groups. We reviewed published studies of the prevalence of CKMS in the U.S. and other countries and obtained new estimates of the prevalence of this syndrome among U.S. adults by birth decade and sociodemographic attributes using 2019, 2021, and 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. The results of this study indicate that CKMS is widespread in the general U.S. population, especially among older cohorts born before 1940 and during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Except for the three younger cohorts, born in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000 or later, the prevalence of CKMS stage 4 was significantly higher among males than in females. Among those born between the 1950s and 1990s, the prevalence was significantly higher among non-Hispanic Blacks compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Across all birth decades, prevalence of CKMS stage 4 was generally higher among those without a college degree, from a low-income household, and residing in rural areas. These prevalence rate estimates will further our understanding of the burden and unique needs of different population groups in improving cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic health across the life course.<br>

由于心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征（CKMS）于2023年才由美国心脏协会（American Heart Association）正式提出，目前学界对该综合征在不同人群中的分布特征及影响因素的相关研究仍较为匮乏。本研究系统梳理了美国及其他国家已发表的CKMS患病率相关研究，并基于2019年、2021年及2023年行为风险因素监测系统（Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, BRFSS）的调查数据，估算了美国成年人群中按出生年代及社会人口学特征划分的CKMS患病率新数据。本研究结果显示，CKMS在美国普通人群中广泛分布，尤其在1940年及之前出生、以及1940年代、1950年代和1960年代出生的老年队列中患病率较高。除1980年代、1990年代及2000年及之后出生的三个较年轻队列外，男性CKMS 4期患病率均显著高于女性。在1950年代至1990年代出生的人群中，非西班牙裔黑人的CKMS患病率显著高于非西班牙裔白人。在所有出生年代队列中，未取得大学学历、来自低收入家庭以及居住在农村地区的人群，其CKMS 4期患病率普遍更高。本次研究得出的患病率估算数据，将有助于深化我们对不同人群疾病负担特征及独特健康需求的认知，进而助力全生命周期内心血管-肾脏-代谢健康水平的提升。