Sierra Nevada Network Landbird Monitoring Data Package, 2011-2024

This data package contains Sierra Nevada Network (SIEN) Inventory and Monitoring Program landbirds tabular data collected during 2011-2024 at Yosemite National Park (YOSE), Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park (SEKI), and Devils Postpile National Monument (DEPO).

The protocol, publications, and all other associated links can be found in the project reference at: Bird Monitoring Protocol for National Parks in the Sierra Nevada Network: https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2124954

National parks in SIEN can fulfill vital roles as refuges for bird species dependent on late-successional forest conditions and as reference sites for assessing the effects of land-use and land-cover changes on bird populations throughout the larger Sierra Nevada region. These changes may result from regional processes such as land conversion and forest management, or from broader-scale phenomena such as global climate change. Monitoring population trends at ‘control’ sites in national parks is especially important because the parks are among the few sites in the United States where population trends resulting from large-scale regional or global change patterns are relatively unaffected by local changes in land use. Long-term monitoring of landbirds throughout SIEN provides information that can inform decisions about important management issues in the parks, including visitor impacts, fire management, and the effects of introduced species.

Landbirds are critical food-chain links, eating millions of seeds and insects and in turn, are prey for other creatures. Because they have specific needs for food, nest sites, and habitats they are easily impacted by change. For these reasons, birds are among the most sensitive indicators of ecosystem health and counting them is one of the most efficient ways to take the ecological pulse of an area.

Surveys were conducted in two large wilderness parks: Yosemite (YOSE) and Sequoia and Kings Canyon (SEKI) National Parks, and in one small park: Devils Postpile National Monument (DEPO).

Objectives are to 1) detect trends in the density of as many landbird species (including passerines, near-passerines, and galliformes) as possible throughout accessible areas of three SIEN parks during the breeding season and 2) track changes in the breeding season distribution of landbird species throughout accessible areas of SIEN parks.

本数据包包含内华达山脉网络（Sierra Nevada Network, SIEN）清查与监测项目于2011-2024年期间在优胜美地国家公园（Yosemite National Park, YOSE）、红杉与国王峡谷国家公园（Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park, SEKI）及魔鬼柱国家纪念碑（Devils Postpile National Monument, DEPO）收集的陆鸟表格数据。

该协议、出版物及所有相关链接可在项目参考资料中查询：《内华达山脉网络国家公园鸟类监测协议》（Bird Monitoring Protocol for National Parks in the Sierra Nevada Network），网址为：https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2124954

SIEN内的国家公园可发挥关键作用：既是依赖晚期演替森林环境的鸟类物种的庇护所，也是评估土地利用与土地覆盖变化对整个内华达山脉区域鸟类种群影响的参考站点。这些变化可能源于区域过程（如土地转换与森林管理），或更广泛的现象（如全球气候变化）。监测国家公园中“对照站点”的种群趋势尤为重要，因为这些公园是美国少数几个受局部土地利用变化影响相对较小、能反映大规模区域或全球变化模式下种群趋势的地点之一。SIEN范围内陆鸟的长期监测可为公园重要管理问题的决策提供信息，包括游客影响、火灾管理及引入物种的效应。

陆鸟是关键的食物链环节：它们摄食数百万种子与昆虫，同时也是其他生物的猎物。由于其对食物、巢址及栖息地有特定需求，陆鸟易受环境变化影响。因此，鸟类是生态系统健康最敏感的指示生物之一，对其数量统计是掌握区域生态脉搏最高效的方式之一。

调查在两个大型荒野公园（优胜美地国家公园YOSE、红杉与国王峡谷国家公园SEKI）及一个小型公园（魔鬼柱国家纪念碑DEPO）开展。

项目目标为：1）在繁殖季节，检测SIEN三个公园可进入区域内尽可能多陆鸟物种（包括雀形目、近雀形目及鸡形目鸟类）的密度趋势；2）追踪繁殖季节SIEN公园可进入区域内陆鸟物种分布的变化。