Analysis of permanent second molar development in children born with cleft lip and palate

Abstract The study of dental development in individuals born with cleft lip and palate (CLP) serves to determine when orthodontic intervention should start. Objective To evaluate the permanent second molar development in children born with cleft lip and palate according to Demirjian’s and Nolla’s methods. Methodology Out of a total of 513 digital panoramic radiographs, 113 pairs of children aged 3 to 16 years were selected. The exams were from children born with or without cleft lip and palate, of the same sex, with an age difference of up to 30 days. The images were analyzed by three examiners and reliability was checked through intra-examiner agreement by the Kappa test. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon's and Mann-Whitney tests according to each dataset. Results The findings indicated delayed development of the permanent second molars in children with CLP (P

摘要 针对唇腭裂（cleft lip and palate, CLP）患儿的牙齿发育特征开展研究，旨在明确正畸干预的适宜启动时机。
研究目的 采用德米尔吉安（Demirjian）法与诺拉（Nolla）法，评估唇腭裂患儿的恒牙第二磨牙发育状况。
研究方法 从总计513张数字化全景X线片中，筛选出113对年龄差不超过30天、性别一致的3~16岁儿童影像，研究对象涵盖唇腭裂患儿与非唇腭裂患儿。由3名检查者对影像进行分析，并通过Kappa检验验证检查者内部一致性以评估信度。依据不同数据集，分别采用威尔科克森（Wilcoxon）检验与曼-惠特尼（Mann-Whitney）检验完成统计分析。
研究结果 结果显示唇腭裂患儿的恒牙第二磨牙发育存在延迟（P