WP3287 - Overview of nanoparticle effects - Homo sapiens

This pathway is giving a summary of currently known nanoparticle effects on cells and organisms. Although there is currently no nanoparticle-specific effect known, there is a cascade of effects triggered if cells or organisms are exposed to nanoparticles: The most abundantly observed event is oxidative stress which causes DNA damage, protein and lipid oxidation, and cell death. The mere overload of nanoparticles in the vesicular system leads to cytoskeleton and cell adhesion problems and interfere with the cell's autophagic system. Some specific nanoparticles are reported to interfere with the cell membrane, others stimulate the blood coagulation system. The release of metal ions from specific nanoparticles challenges the metal disposal system of the cell.

本通路概述了当前已知的纳米颗粒（nanoparticle）对细胞与生物体的影响。尽管目前尚未发现纳米颗粒的特异性效应，但当细胞或生物体暴露于纳米颗粒时，会触发一系列级联反应：最常观测到的效应为氧化应激，其可引发DNA损伤、蛋白质与脂质氧化，乃至细胞死亡。仅纳米颗粒在囊泡系统中的过量蓄积，就会引发细胞骨架与细胞黏附功能障碍，并干扰细胞的自噬系统。据报道，部分特定纳米颗粒会干扰细胞膜功能，另有部分则会激活血液凝固系统。从特定纳米颗粒中释放的金属离子，会对细胞的金属清除系统造成负担。