Table_1_Association between fatty acid intake and age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis.DOCX

ObjectiveThe association of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with the intake of high and low fatty acids (FAs), respectively, remains controversial. To this end, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of all the existing studies on the association of various intake levels of FA subtypes with AMD to determine these associations.
MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases was conducted from inception to September 2023. To compare the highest and lowest groups, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was analyzed with a random-effects model/fixed-effects model.
ResultsA high intake of omega-3 LCPUFAs (OR:0.67; 95%CI:[0.51, 0.88]; p = 0.004), DHA (OR:0.80; 95%CI:[0.70, 0.90]; p < 0.001), EPA (OR:0.91; 95%CI:[0.86, 0.97]; p = 0.004), and simultaneous intake of DHA and EPA (OR:0.79; 95%CI:[0.67, 0.93]; p = 0.035) significantly reduced the risk of overall AMD. Conversely, a high intake of trans-FAs (OR: 2.05; 95%CI: [1.29, 3.25]; p = 0.002) was significantly related to an increased risk of advanced AMD compared to the low-intake group. The subgroup analysis results are shown in the articles.
ConclusionIncreasing dietary intake of omega-3 LCPUFAs, specifically DHA, and EPA, or the simultaneous intake of DHA and EPA, is significantly associated with a reduced risk of overall AMD. Various subtypes of omega-3 also have a significant association with a reduced risk of different stages of AMD. The high intake of trans-fatty acids (TFAs) is significantly and positively correlated with the risk of advanced AMD. This could further support the idea that consuming foods rich in omega-3 LCPUFAs and reducing consumption of foods rich in TFAs may prevent AMD.
Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023467227.

研究目的
年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration, AMD）与高低水平脂肪酸（fatty acids, FAs）摄入的关联目前仍存在争议。鉴此，我们针对现有所有探讨不同亚型脂肪酸摄入水平与AMD关联的研究开展全面荟萃分析，以明确此类关联。

研究方法
本研究系统检索了PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library及EMBASE数据库，检索时限为自建库起至2023年9月。为对比最高摄入组与最低摄入组，我们采用随机效应模型/固定效应模型分析了比值比（odds ratio, OR）及95%置信区间（confidence intervals, CIs）。

研究结果
高摄入ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（omega-3 LCPUFAs，OR=0.67；95%CI=[0.51, 0.88]；p=0.004）、二十二碳六烯酸（docosahexaenoic acid, DHA，OR=0.80；95%CI=[0.70, 0.90]；p<0.001）、二十碳五烯酸（eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA，OR=0.91；95%CI=[0.86, 0.97]；p=0.004）以及同时摄入DHA与EPA（OR=0.79；95%CI=[0.67, 0.93]；p=0.035），均可显著降低总体AMD的发病风险。反之，与低摄入组相比，高摄入反式脂肪酸（trans-FAs，OR=2.05；95%CI=[1.29, 3.25]；p=0.002）与晚期AMD的发病风险升高显著相关。亚组分析结果详见原文。

研究结论
增加膳食中ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（尤其是DHA与EPA）的摄入，或同时摄入DHA与EPA，与总体AMD发病风险降低显著相关。各类ω-3脂肪酸亚型也与不同分期AMD的发病风险降低存在显著关联。高摄入反式脂肪酸（trans-fatty acids, TFAs）与晚期AMD的发病风险呈显著正相关。这进一步支持了以下观点：增加富含ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸的食物摄入、减少富含反式脂肪酸的食物摄入，或可预防AMD。

系统评价注册信息
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符CRD42023467227。